(a)
Interpretation:
The target molecules should be drawn and identified for the given staring molecule by using its structure.
Concept introduction:
Wittig reaction: This type of process olefination is a
Nucleophilic reaction: Electron rich nucleophiles attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.
Elimination reaction: An elimination reaction is removal of two substituents in a molecule and forms alkene. An elimination reaction is one or two-step process which based on the mechanism when two substituents removed from the molecule in single step is called E1 reaction. When two substituents are removed from the molecule in two steps is called E2 reaction.
Stereoisomerism: The cis-trans isomers are stereoisomers that are pairs of molecules which have the same molecular formula, but presence of those
To identify: The given synthetic route to accomplish the target molecule transformation.
(b)
Interpretation:
The target molecules should be drawn and identified for the given staring molecule by using its structure.
Concept introduction:
Wittig reaction: This type of process olefination is a chemical reaction of an aldehyde
Nucleophilic reaction: Electron rich nucleophiles attacks the positive or partially positive charge of an atom and replace a leaving group is called Nucleophilic Substitution reaction.
Elimination reaction: An elimination reaction is removal of two substituents in a molecule and forms alkene. An elimination reaction is one or two-step process which based on the mechanism when two substituents removed from the molecule in single step is called E1 reaction. When two substituents are removed from the molecule in two steps is called E2 reaction.
Stereoisomerism: The cis-trans isomers are stereoisomers that are pairs of molecules which have the same molecular formula, but presence of those functional groups are rotated into a different orientation in there-dimensional space. The difference between the two is that the cis-isomers are a planer molecule whereas trans isomer is non-planer molecule.
To identify: The given synthetic route to accomplish the target molecule transformation.
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Chapter 19 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Devise a synthesis to prepare 4-tert-butyl-2-nitrotoluene from toluene. Complete the following reaction scheme. Part 1 of 4 Step 1 Step 2 A B Draw the structure for compound B, 4-tert-butyl-2-nitrotoluene. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 'O Х ப:arrow_forwardWhat is N hybridized? sp3 or sp2? whyarrow_forwardDate Unknown o Hydrated Salt Lab Sec. Name Trial I Trial 2 1. Mass of fired crucible and lid (g) 2. Mass of fired crucible, lid, and hydrated sah (g) 3. Instructor's approval of flame and apparatus 4. Mass of crucible, lid, and anhydrous salt Ist mass measurement (g) 2nd mass measurement (g) 3rd mass measurement (g). Desk No. Trial 3 48.833 46.808 213.692 51.507 9.359 46,615 50.296 48.211 45.351 50.142 48.146 45.1911 50.103 48.132 45.186 5. Final mass of crucible, lid, and anhydrous salt (g) 50.180 4.13 45.243 Calculations 1. Mass of hydrated salt (g) 2. Mass of anhydrous salt (g) 2.674 2.491 2.9239 1.3479 1.2959 1.5519 3. Mass of water lost (g) 1.32791969 1.322g 4. Percent by mass of volatile water in hydrated salt (%) 49.6% 48% 216.9% 5. Average percent HO in bydrated salt (%H,O) 5. Standard deviation of %H,O Relative standard deviation of %H,O in hydrated salt (RSD) how calculations on next page. 48.17% Data Analysis, B Data Analysis, C Data Analysis, D Experiment 5 89arrow_forward
- Considering the irregular electronic configurations we discussed for certain transitionmetals, think about the possibility of silicon (Si) having a [Ne]3s 2 3p 2 configuration vs.[Ne]3s 1 3p 3. Discuss the pros and cons of both configurations. Which one does Si actuallyadopt and why?arrow_forward(5 Pts) Currently, the last element in the periodic table is number 118, oganesson (Og). Channel your inner Dimitri Mendeleev and predict element 119’s electronic configuration, atomic mass, density, and either melting or boiling point. Justify your answers.arrow_forwardDon't used hand raiting and don't used Ai solutionarrow_forward
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- Balance the following equations Synthesis Ca 1. Mg + Cl₂ → MgCl2Syn 2. Al + 302 -> 2A1203Com 3. P4 + 502 4. Bi + + Cl₂ 5. H2 + N2 ↑ 6. Zn + 02 7. Cu + 02 8. Sn + 9. Na 10. 11. AR Ag + Cl₂ S8 I2 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ Pb + 12. Al + Br₂ 13. Fe + F2 ↑ 14. Sn + 15. Sb + 16. Ca + 17. Ba + 02 ↑ ↑ ↑ P4010 Com BiCl, Syn NH3 Syn Zno Com Cu2O com SnCl4 Syn Na2S Syn Agl Syn Pbo Com AlBr, yn FeF3 Syn Sno com Sb₂Ss Syn Cao cơm Bao cơm 18. Mg + P4 -> Mg3P2 Syn 19. K + K&N Syn ZnS Syn 20. Znarrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardConsidering the important roles of biothiols in lysosomes of live organisms, and unique photophysical / photochemical properties of ruthenium(II) complexes, a novel ruthenium(II) complex, Ru-2, has been developed as a molecular probe for phosphorescence and time-gated luminescence assay of biothiols in human sera, live cells, and in vivo. Ru-2 is weakly luminescent due to the effective photoinduced electron transfer (PET) from Ru(II) luminophore to electron acceptor, 2,4-dinitrobenzene-sulfonyl (DNBS). In the presence of biothiols, such as glutathione (GSH), cysteine (Cys), and homocysteine (Hcy), the emission of Ru-2 solution was switched ON, as a result of the cleavage of quencher to form the product, Ru-1. Ru-2 showed high selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of biothiols under physiological conditions, with detection limits of 62 nM, 146 nM, and 115 nM for GSH, Cys, and Hcy, respectively. The emission lifetimes of Ru-1 and Ru-2 were measured to be 405 and 474 ns,…arrow_forward
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