
Calculate

Interpretation:
The standard cell potential, emf of the galvanic cell, and free energy change for the given cell reactions at
are to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Gibbs free energy is the change in the enthalpy
According to the standard reduction potential values, the electrode that has lower negative reduction potential will act as a cathode and will undergo reduction. However, if the negative reduction potential of the electrode is high, it will act as an anode and will undergo oxidation.
The standard reduction potential of a galvanic cell may be calculated in terms of standard reduction potential of cathode and anode, as the relation mentioned below:
According to the Nernst equation, the relation between emf, standard cell potential, and reaction quotient at
will be as follows:
Here,
The relation between cell potential and free energy change is as follows:
Here,
is the Gibb’s free energy change,
is the Faraday constant
Answer to Problem 30QP
Solution:
(a)
(b)
Explanation of Solution
a)
The overall reaction of galvanic cell is as follows:
The half-cell reactions of
Oxidation half reaction (Anode):
Reduction half reaction (Cathode):
As the standard reduction potential of
half-cell reaction is less (more negative); therefore, it will act as an anode and will undergo oxidation.
Therefore,
The cell representation of a galvanic cell is as follows:
The standard cell potential that is
(at
) for the above galvanic cell is calculated as follows:
The reaction quotient for the reaction is given by the following expression:
Concentration of
and
is
and
Substitute all the values in the above equation,
In the given galvanic cell, the total loss and total gain of electrons is two.
Now, according to the Nernst equation, the relation between emf, standard cell potential, and reaction quotient at
will be as follows:
Substitute all the values in the above equation,
The relation between cell potential and free energy change is as follows:
Substitute all the values in the above equation,
b)
The overall reaction of galvanic cell is as follows:
The half-cell reactions of
Oxidation half reaction (Anode):
Reduction half reaction (Cathode):
As the standard reduction potential of
half-cell reaction is greater (less negative), it will act as a cathode and will undergo reduction. However, the standard reduction potential of
half-cell reaction is less (more negative); therefore, it will act as an anode and will undergo oxidation.
Therefore,
The cell representation of a galvanic cell is as follows:
The standard cell potential that is
(at
) for the above galvanic cell is calculated as follows:
The reaction quotient for the reaction is as follows:
Concentration of
and
is
and
Substitute all the values in the above expression,
In the given galvanic cell, the total loss of electron and total gain of electron is six.
Now, according to the Nernst equation, the relation between emf, standard cell potential, and reaction quotient at
will be as follows:
On substituting all the values in the above equation,
The relation between cell potential and free energy change is as follows:
Substitute the values of
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 19 Solutions
CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
- For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new CC bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. དྲ。 ✗MgBr ? O CI Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new C-C bond? Yes No • ? Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No × : ☐ Xarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: OH NaBH4 H ? CH3OH Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ☐ : Sarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction: 1. LIAIHA 2. H₂O ? Note: be sure you use dash and wedge bonds when necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X : ☐arrow_forward
- For each reaction below, decide if the first stable organic product that forms in solution will create a new C - C bond, and check the appropriate box. Next, for each reaction to which you answered "Yes" to in the table, draw this product in the drawing area below. Note for advanced students: for this problem, don't worry if you think this product will continue to react under the current conditions - just focus on the first stable product you expect to form in solution. NH2 tu ? ? OH Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No Will the first product that forms in this reaction create a new CC bond? Yes No C $ ©arrow_forwardAs the lead product manager at OrganometALEKS Industries, you are trying to decide if the following reaction will make a molecule with a new C-C bond as its major product: 1. MgCl ? 2. H₂O* If this reaction will work, draw the major organic product or products you would expect in the drawing area below. If there's more than one major product, you can draw them in any arrangement you like. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds if necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry. If the major products of this reaction won't have a new CC bond, just check the box under the drawing area and leave it blank. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. This reaction will not make a product with a new CC bond. G marrow_forwardIncluding activity coefficients, find [Hg22+] in saturated Hg2Br2 in 0.00100 M NH4 Ksp Hg2Br2 = 5.6×10-23.arrow_forward
- give example for the following(by equation) a. Converting a water insoluble compound to a soluble one. b. Diazotization reaction form diazonium salt c. coupling reaction of a diazonium salt d. indacator properties of MO e. Diazotization ( diazonium salt of bromobenzene)arrow_forward2-Propanone and ethyllithium are mixed and subsequently acid hydrolyzed. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forward(Methanesulfinyl)methane is reacted with NaH, and then with acetophenone. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forward
- 3-Oxo-butanenitrile and (E)-2-butenal are mixed with sodium ethoxide in ethanol. Draw and name the structures of the products.arrow_forwardWhat is the reason of the following(use equations if possible) a.) In MO preperation through diazotization: Addition of sodium nitrite in acidfied solution in order to form diazonium salt b.) in MO experiment: addition of sodium hydroxide solution in the last step to isolate the product MO. What is the color of MO at low pH c.) In MO experiment: addition of sodium hydroxide solution in the last step to isolate the product MO. What is the color of MO at pH 4.5 d.) Avoiding not cooling down the reaction mixture when preparing the diazonium salt e.) Cbvcarrow_forwardA 0.552-g sample of an unknown acid was dissolved in water to a total volume of 20.0 mL. This sample was titrated with 0.1103 M KOH. The equivalence point occurred at 29.42 mL base added. The pH of the solution at 10.0 mL base added was 3.72. Determine the molar mass of the acid. Determine the Ka of the acid.arrow_forward
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning




