Chapter 1.9, Problem 23ATS

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The hybridization state of each carbon in the given compounds is needed to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The atomic orbitals mix together to form a hybrid orbital which is suitable for forming bonds between the atoms to form a compound.  This mixing of hybrid orbitals is known as hybridization.  The hybridization determines the geometry of the particular atom in the compound.  Shortly to say

${\text{sp}}^{\text{3}}\text{hybridized}$ =Four sigma (single) bonds

$s{p}^{2}hybridized$ =Three sigma (single) and one pi bonds (double)

$\text{sp}$ $\text{hybridized}$ =Two sigma (single) and two pi bonds (double)