(a) Interpretation: The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated. Concept introduction: The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins. The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules. Chemical shift: Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule. The spin-spin coupling constant: It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms. Relaxation time: It provides information about molecular dynamics. Signal intensity: It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Question

In addition to the separation techniques used in this lab (magnetism, evaporation, and filtering), there are other commonly used separation techniques. Some of these techniques are:Distillation – this process is used to separate components that have significantly different boiling points. The solution is heated and the lower boiling point substance is vaporized first. The vapor can be collected and condensed and the component recovered as a pure liquid. If the temperature of the mixture is then raised, the next higher boiling component will come off and be collected. Eventually only non-volatile components will be left in the original solution.Centrifugation – a centrifuge will separate mixtures based on their mass. The mixture is placed in a centrifuge tube which is then spun at a high speed. Heavier components will settle at the bottom of the tube while lighter components will be at the top. This is the technique used to separate red blood cells from blood plasma.Sieving – this is…

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.30QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of i- butane.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

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In addition to the separation techniques used in this lab (magnetism, evaporation, and filtering), there are other commonly used separation techniques. Some of these techniques are:Distillation – this process is used to separate components that have significantly different boiling points. The solution is heated and the lower boiling point substance is vaporized first. The vapor can be collected and condensed and the component recovered as a pure liquid. If the temperature of the mixture is then raised, the next higher boiling component will come off and be collected. Eventually only non-volatile components will be left in the original solution.Centrifugation – a centrifuge will separate mixtures based on their mass. The mixture is placed in a centrifuge tube which is then spun at a high speed. Heavier components will settle at the bottom of the tube while lighter components will be at the top. This is the technique used to separate red blood cells from blood plasma.Sieving – this is…

Briefly describe a eutectic system.

13.53 Draw all stereoisomers formed when each compound is treated with HBr in the presence of peroxides. a. b. C.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.30QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of i- butane.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.30QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of i- butane.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 19, Problem 19.30QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of i- butane.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 19, Problem 19.30QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of i- butane.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Answer 6

Chapter 19, Problem 19.30QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Answer 7

Chapter 19, Problem 19.30QAP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of ethylbenzene is to be stated.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of i- butane.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of i- butane.

Concept introduction:

The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) instrument analyzes the material’s molecular structure by placing the material in the strong magnetic field and measuring the spins.

The NMR spectroscopy measures the following property of the material molecules.

Chemical shift:
Appearance of the atomic group composition in the molecule.

The spin-spin coupling constant:
It provides information about the appearance of the adjacent atoms.

Relaxation time:
It provides information about molecular dynamics.

Signal intensity:
It provides the quantitative information about the atomic ratios within a molecule which determines the molecular structure, and proportions of different compounds in a mixture.

Answer 12

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Solution Summary: The high-resolution proton NMR spectrum of toluene is to be stated.

Chapter 19 Solutions