Principles of Instrumental Analysis
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577213
Author: Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. Crouch
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 19, Problem 19.15QAP
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Ernest Rutherford (the first New Zealander to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry) demonstrated that nuclei were very small and dense by scattering helium-4 nuclei (*He) from gold-197 nuclei (197AU).
The energy of the incoming helium nucleus was 7.25 × 10¬13 J, and the masses of the helium and gold nuclei were 6.68 × 10¬27 kg and 3.29 x 10-25 kg, respectively (note that their mass ratio is 4 to 197.
3 J,
Assume that the helium nucleus travels in the +x-direction before the collision.)
(a) If a helium nucleus scatters to an angle of 132° during an elastic collision with a gold nucleus, calculate the helium nucleus' final speed (in m/s) and the final velocity (magnitude in m/s and direction
counterclockwise from the +x-axis) of the gold nucleus.
120°
He nucleus
Gold nucleus
4He speed
m/s
197
Au velocity
m/s
197 Au direction
° counterclockwise from the +x-axİs
(b) What is the final kinetic energy (in J) of the helium nucleus?
J
Predict which one is the most stable nucleus amongst _8 O^16, _8 O^17 and _8 O^18. ( In this case you have to differentiate w.r to A. See A is the variable in the isotope family. Then find the value of A and see which value is this A close to)
Chapter 19 Solutions
Principles of Instrumental Analysis
Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.1QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.2QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.3QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.4QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.5QAPCh. 19 - A nucleus has a spin quantum number of 7/2. How...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.7QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.8QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.9QAPCh. 19 - Why is 133C-133C spin-spin splitting not observed...
Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.11QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.12QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.13QAPCh. 19 - What is a rotating frame of reference?Ch. 19 - How will E for an isolated 13C nucleus compare...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.16QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.17QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.18QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.19QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.20QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.21QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.22QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.23QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.24QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.25QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.26QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.27QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.28QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.29QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.30QAPCh. 19 - The proton NMR spectrum in Figure 19.39 is for an...Ch. 19 - The proton NMR spectrum in Figure 19-40 is for a...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.33QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.34QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.35QAPCh. 19 - From the proton NMR spectrum in Figure 19-44,...Ch. 19 - From the proton spectrum given in Figure 19-45,...Ch. 19 - Prob. 19.38QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.39QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.40QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.41QAPCh. 19 - Prob. 19.42QAP
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- . How do the forces that hold an atomic nucleus together compare in strength with the forces between atoms in a molecule?arrow_forwardHow did the charge distribution in the plum pudding model affect alpha particles passing through an atom?arrow_forward9-14 Write the symbol for a nucleus with the following components: (a) 9 protons and 10 neutrons (b) 15 protons and 17 neutrons (c) 37 protons and 50 neutronsarrow_forward
- The following isotopes are important in nuclear power. Write their symbols in the form XZA. a. U-235 b. U-238 c. Pu-239 d. Xe-144arrow_forwardWrite the nuclide notation, including charge if applicable, for atoms with the following characteristics: (a) 25 protons, 20 neutrons, 24 electrons. (b) 45 protons, 24 neutrons, 43 electrons. (c) 53 protons, 89 neutrons, 54 electrons. (d) 97 protons, 146 neutrons, 97 electronsarrow_forward2.86 For some uses, the relative abundance of isotopes must be manipulated. For example, a medical technique called boron neutron capture therapy needs a higher fraction of 10B than occurs naturally to achieve its best efficiency. What would happen to the atomic weight of a sample of boron that had been enriched in 10B? Explain your answer in terms of the concept of a weighted average.arrow_forward
- What is the charge of the nucleus of element 89?arrow_forward2-102 An element consists of 90.51% of an isotope with a mass of 19.992 amu, 0.27% of an isotope with a mass of 20.994 amu, and 9.22% of an isotope with a mass of 21.990 amu. Calculate the average atomic mass and identify the element.arrow_forward2-29 How many protons and how many neutrons does each of these isotopes of radon contain? (a) Rn-210 (b) Rn-218 (c) Rn-222arrow_forward
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