Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Question
Chapter 19, Problem 17Q
To determine
To explain:
Majority of stars visible through telescopes are main-sequence stars.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
For each statement concerning main sequence stars, select T True, F False, G Greater than, L Less than, or E Equal to.
A) The surface temperature of a O type star is .... than a K type star.
B) On the main sequence, the mass of a O type star is .... than a F type star.
C) On the main sequence, a M type star's life is .... than a G type star.
D) The surface temperature of our Sun is .... than the surface temperature of Sirius.
E) When stars start hydrogen burning, thier mass determines where they are on the main sequence.
F) Based on the relative lifes of M and G type stars we expect the number of M stars to be .... than the number of G type stars.
The sketch below shows an H-R diagram for a star cluster. Consider the star to which the arrow points. How is it currently
generating energy?
Temperature
A. by hydrogen shell burning around an inert helium core
B. by gravitational contraction
C. by core hydrogen fusion
D.by core helium fusion combined with hydrogen shell burning
E. by both hydrogen and helium shell burning around an inert carbon core
Luminosity -→
Question 41
.Suppose you are looking at H-R diagrams of two similar star clusters. The most luminous main
sequence stars in the Porcini cluster are much more luminous than the most luminous main
sequence stars in the Morel cluster. What can you conclude?
O the Porcini cluster is younger than the Morel cluster
O the Porcini cluster is farther away than the Morel cluster
O the Porcini cluster is lower in metallicity than the Morel cluster
O the Porcini cluster is larger in diameter than the Morel cluster
Chapter 19 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
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- Automobiles are often used as an analogy to help people better understand how more massive stars have much shorter main-sequence lifetimes compared to less massive stars. Can you explain such an analogy using automobiles?arrow_forwardDescribe how the mass, luminosity, surface temperature, and radius of main-sequence stars change in value going from the “bottom” to the “top” of the main sequence.arrow_forwardStars found on the main sequence of a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram share certain features not shared by other stars. What are these features? A Stars on the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram are all roughly the same radius. Stars on the main sequence of a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram do not produce heavy elements like iron. Stars on the main sequence of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram have an orderly arrangement of stellar masses, decreasing in mass from lower right to upper left. Stars on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram main sequence have roughly the same age. Stars on the main sequence of a Hertzsprung-Russell diagram all generate energy from nuclear fusion. B D E F) None of the mentioned choices. 4arrow_forward
- Physics written by hand.arrow_forward14 Suppose you see two main-sequence stars of the same spectral type. Star 1 is dimmer in apparent brightness than Star 2 by a factor of 100. What can you conclude? (Neglect any effects that might be caused by interstellar dust and gas.) A B C D Star 1 is 10 times more distant than Star 2. The luminosity of Star 1 is a factor of 100 less than the luminosity of Star 2. Star 1 is 100 times nearer than Star 2. Star 1 is 100 times more distant than Star 2. E Without first knowing the distances to these stars, you cannot draw any conclusions about how their true luminosities compare to each other.arrow_forwardConsider the colour-magnitude diagrams for the three stellar clusters in the image below. Which of the below statements is true? 12.0 4 14.0 a C 6 16.0 + 4 18.0 8. +8 20.0 10 22.0 12 12 +12 24.0 -0.4 +4 +.8 +L2 +1.6 -0.5 0.5 1 1.5 2.5 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 B-V B-V B-V Cluster a is older than cluster b, and cluster b is older than cluster c. Cluster a is older than cluster c, and cluster c is older than cluster b. Cluster b is older than cluster c, and cluster c is older than cluster a. Cluster b is older than cluster a, and cluster a is older than cluster c. There's not enough information to tell. Magnitude (V) Magnitude (V) _Magnitude (V)arrow_forward
- Choose the statements that correctly describe the characteristics of the stars located in the labeled quadrants of the H-R diagram. Luminosityarrow_forward: What does the H-R diagram show? Explain the main sequence of stars.arrow_forwardPlease asaparrow_forwardSuppose a protostar has a luminosity of 39,473 L⊙ and a surface temperature of 4,130 K (Kelvins). What is the radius of this protostar? [Enter your answer as a multiple of the Sun's radius. I.e., if you find R = 20 R⊙ , enter 20. This problem is easier if you start with the relevant equation and create a ratio using the Sun's values. Recall that the Sun has a surface temperature of 5778 K. ]arrow_forwardThe mass-luminosity relation describes the mathematical relationship between luminosity and mass for main sequence stars. It describes how a star with a mass of 4 M⊙ would have a luminosity of ______ L⊙. If a star has a radius 1/2 that of the Sun and a temperature 4 that of the Sun, how many times higher is the star's luminosity than that of the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125) If a star has a radius 2 times larger than the Sun's and a luminosity 1/4th that of the Sun, how many times higher is the star's temperature than that of the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125) If a star has a surface temperature 2 times lower than the Sun's and a luminosity the same as the Sun, how many times larger is the star than the Sun? (If it is smaller by a factor of 8, you would write 0.125 because 1/8=0.125)arrow_forwardd²p GMp %3D dt2 (a² + p2)3/2* 2. Suppose that p < a, that is, the star is deep inside the cluster. Use a Maclaurin series to show that d²p GM d. %3D dt2 q3 +..arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
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