The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown. Concept introduction: Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Question

Want to see the full answer?

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18.8, Problem 18.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Students have asked these similar questions

1. Answer the questions about the following reaction: (a) Draw in the arrows that can be used make this reaction occur and draw in the product of substitution in this reaction. Be sure to include any relevant stereochemistry in the product structure. + SK F Br + (b) In which solvent would this reaction proceed the fastest (Circle one) Methanol Acetone (c) Imagine that you are working for a chemical company and it was your job to perform a similar reaction to the one above, with the exception of the S atom in this reaction being replaced by an O atom. During the reaction, you observe the formation of three separate molecules instead of the single molecule obtained above. What is the likeliest other products that are formed? Draw them in the box provided.

3. For the reactions below, draw the arrows corresponding to the transformations and draw in the boxes the reactants or products as indicated. Note: Part A should have arrows drawn going from the reactants to the middle structure and the arrows on the middle structure that would yield the final structure. For part B, you will need to draw in the reactant before being able to draw the arrows corresponding to product formation. A. B. Rearrangement ΘΗ

2. Draw the arrows required to make the following reactions occur. Please ensure your arrows point from exactly where you want to exactly where you want. If it is unclear from where arrows start or where they end, only partial credit will be given. Note: You may need to draw in lone pairs before drawing the arrows. A. B. H-Br 人 C Θ CI H Cl Θ + Br O

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18.8, Problem 18.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18.8, Problem 18.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Class of organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group ( - COOH ) and has a general formula R - COOH or R - CO 2 H , where R refers to the alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, or other groups. They can undergo different chemical reactions, such as acid-base reactions, esterification, and oxidation. These are essential components of living organisms, playing important roles in metabolic processes, signaling, and as pharmaceuticals.

Chapter 18.8, Problem 18.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 18.8, Problem 18.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 6

Chapter 18.8, Problem 18.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 7

Chapter 18.8, Problem 18.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to an acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given synthetic conversion by adding an organolithium reagent to acid is to be shown.

Concept introduction:

Organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids. They are reactive towards carbonyls and attack the lithium salt of carboxylate anions to form dianion. Then protonation of dianion takes place in the presence of hydronium ion to give hydrate of ketone which quickly loses water to form the ketone as a product.

Answer 14

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 15

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 16

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 17

Ch. 18.3 - Give the IUPAC name and (if possible) a common...Ch. 18.5D - NMR spectra for two compounds are given here,...Ch. 18.5D - Why were no products from the McLafferty...Ch. 18.5D - Use equations to show the fragmentation leading to...Ch. 18.5E - Prob. 18.5P Ch. 18.7D - Show how you would synthesize each compound from...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. 18.7P Ch. 18.9 - Predict the products of the following reactions....Ch. 18.9 - Show how the following transformations may be...Ch. 18.10 - Prob. 18.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains how organolithium reagents are used in the synthesis of ketones from carboxylic acids.

Want to see the full answer?

Chapter 18 Solutions