The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride. Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn. Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.11, Problem 18.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydes much more quickly than ketones. It is used to reduce the aldehydes in the presence of ketones.

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Answer 2

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.11, Problem 18.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydes much more quickly than ketones. It is used to reduce the aldehydes in the presence of ketones.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.11, Problem 18.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydes much more quickly than ketones. It is used to reduce the aldehydes in the presence of ketones.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 18.11, Problem 18.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydes much more quickly than ketones. It is used to reduce the aldehydes in the presence of ketones.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18.11, Problem 18.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydes much more quickly than ketones. It is used to reduce the aldehydes in the presence of ketones.

Answer 6

Chapter 18.11, Problem 18.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

Answer 7

Chapter 18.11, Problem 18.12P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The complete Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: The Lewis structure shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying the lone pairs of electrons in a compound. Lewis structures are also called Lewis dot structures. The valence electrons around an atom are shown by dots. Bonds between atoms are shown by lines and the lone pair of electrons is shown by a pair of dots.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydes much more quickly than ketones. It is used to reduce the aldehydes in the presence of ketones.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride.

Interpretation: The mechanism for the reduction of an aldehyde by sodium triacetoxyborohydride is to be proposed.

Concept introduction: Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is a mild reducing agent that reduces aldehydes much more quickly than ketones. It is used to reduce the aldehydes in the presence of ketones.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 18.3 - Give the IUPAC name and (if possible) a common...Ch. 18.5D - NMR spectra for two compounds are given here,...Ch. 18.5D - Why were no products from the McLafferty...Ch. 18.5D - Use equations to show the fragmentation leading to...Ch. 18.5E - Prob. 18.5P Ch. 18.7D - Show how you would synthesize each compound from...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. 18.7P Ch. 18.9 - Predict the products of the following reactions....Ch. 18.9 - Show how the following transformations may be...Ch. 18.10 - Prob. 18.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains the Lewis structure for sodium triacetoxyborohydride, which shows the connectivity between atoms by identifying lone pairs of electrons in a compound.

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