Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The number of moles of acetyl-CoA which should be converted to malonyl-CoA in order to synthesize 1 mole of arachidic acid has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
For the synthesis of arachidic acid, in first step acetyl thioester and malonyl thioester undergoes Claisen condensation. The product of Claisen condensation undergoes reduction, dehydration and a second reduction to form a four-carbon thioester.
The four carbon thioester combines with another molecule of malonyl thioester and undergoes Claisen condensation, reduction, dehydration and a second reduction to form a six carbon thioester. The reaction can proceed to form a fatty acid of an even number of carbon atoms and repetition of sequence adds two carbon.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 18 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry (3rd Edition)
- 19-46 In a dietary context, classify each of the following fatty acids as an essential fatty acid or as a nonessential fatty acid. a. Stearic acid (18:0) b. Linolenic acid (18:3) c. Oleic acid (18:1) d. Arachidic acid (20:0) 10 /7 Earrow_forwardWhich of the following are triacylglycerols? a) sphingomyelins; e) fats; b) oils; f) sphyngolipids; c) steroids; g) prostaglandins; d) terpenes; h) waxes.arrow_forwardIn the breakdown of fatty acids, we see the activation of a carboxylic acid by its conversion to a amine ester alcohol thioester carbonyl aldehydearrow_forward
- Explain the biosynthesis of cholesterol ?arrow_forwardExplain how the presence of unsaturated fatty acids affects the physical properties of a triacylglycerolarrow_forwardWhich of the following are saponifiable lipids? a) triacylglycerols; f) stepoids; b) prostaglandins; g) glycolipids; c) waxes; h) terpenes; d) leukotrienes; i) phosphoglycerides; e) sphyngolipids; k) plasmalogens? Write the equation showing triacylglycerol formation from 1 mol of glycerol and 1 mol each of oleic, stearic and palmitic acids. Write the equation for the acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the triacylglycerol: Write the equation for the saponification of the triacylglycerol: Write the equation for the hydrogenation of the triacylglycerol: Write the structure of the phosphoglyceride formed from 1 mol each of glycerol, stearic and palmitic acids, phosphoric acid, and choline . Show the formation of the sphingolipid containing oleic acid, phosphoric acid,…arrow_forward
- Which of the following are saponifiable lipids? a) triacylglycerols; f) stepoids; b) prostaglandins; g) glycolipids; c) waxes; h) terpenes; d) leukotrienes; i) phosphoglycerides; e) sphyngolipids; k) plasmalogens?arrow_forwardThe biochemical degradation of isoleucine goes through the intermediate tiglyl‑CoA, shown as the starting material in the scheme. This route is similar to the β‑oxidation of fatty acids. Complete the structure of the intermediate and product of this reaction. The carbon skeleton and acetyl CoA thioester have been predrawn for you. Do not delete any atoms or bonds.arrow_forwardPlease don't provide handwritten solutionarrow_forward
- Illustrate the Effect of Double Bonds on the Melting Point of Fatty Acids ?arrow_forwardWrite an equation for the complete hydrogenation of triolein, the triacylglycerol with three oleic acid acyl groups for which you drew the structure in Problem 23.3. Name the fatty acid from which the resulting acyl groups are derived.arrow_forwardSelect the essential fatty acids. EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) linolenic acid palmitic acid palmitoleic acid linoleic acidarrow_forward
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning