The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment. Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

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Chapter 18, Problem 6Q

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The observation about the attachment of the kinetochore that is programmed to attach to microtubules from a particular pole.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

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Question #3: In the KeyGene paper, the authors state that it would be useful if pollen from an apomict would transmit apomixis-inducing genes to the female in the cross (assuming the pollen is viable). Assuming there was just one gene conferring gametophytic obligate apomixis, and that the two parents are inbreds, what would be the consequences of such a cross if: a) The apomixis was a dominant trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the parental cross. b) The apomixis was a recessive trait? Indicate the genotypes and phenotypes (apomict or non- apomict) of the parents, F1 and F2 generations. Remember to include the expected genotypic and phenotypic ratios (or percentages) in the F1 and F2 generations, and to position the female first (left side) in the…

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 6Q

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The observation about the attachment of the kinetochore that is programmed to attach to microtubules from a particular pole.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 6Q

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The observation about the attachment of the kinetochore that is programmed to attach to microtubules from a particular pole.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 18, Problem 6Q

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The observation about the attachment of the kinetochore that is programmed to attach to microtubules from a particular pole.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

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Answer 5

Chapter 18, Problem 6Q

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The observation about the attachment of the kinetochore that is programmed to attach to microtubules from a particular pole.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Answer 6

Chapter 18, Problem 6Q

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Answer 7

Chapter 18, Problem 6Q

Summary Introduction

To explain: The mechanism by which the kinetochore is normally attached to the microtubules in order to push the chromosome apart during cell division from an experiment.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Answer 8

Summary Introduction

To explain: The observation about the attachment of the kinetochore that is programmed to attach to microtubules from a particular pole.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Answer 9

Summary Introduction

To explain: The observation about the attachment of the kinetochore that is programmed to attach to microtubules from a particular pole.

Introduction: Kinetochores are protein complexes that assemble around the centromere of the condensed mitotic chromosome where the spindle microtubules will attach to. The microtubule can attach itself to the kinetochore randomly. There are three possible ways of attachment of the kinetochore with microtubule: amphitelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to two kinetochores each; merotelic attachment where two microtubules from opposite poles attach to the same kinetochore; syntelic attachment where microtubule from one pole attaches to two different kinetochores; and monotelic attachment where one microtubule from one pole attaches to one kinetochore.

Answer 10

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Ch. 18 - Prob. 1Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 2Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 3Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 4Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 5Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 6Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 7Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 8Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 9Q Ch. 18 - Prob. 10Q

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