Operations Management
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781259667473
Author: William J Stevenson
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 18, Problem 1CQ
Summary Introduction
To choose: Between two options.
Introduction: Poisson distribution is utilized to ascertain the probability of an occasion happening over a specific time period or interval. The interval can be one of time, zone, volume or separation. The probability of an event happening is discovered utilizing the equation in the Poisson distribution.
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How does an event improve the smooth queue management?
The following build-up diagram tracks the number of customers for a single-server
queueing system (e.g., an ATM machine) from 10:00am to 10:15am on a certain day.
The number of customers shown in the chart includes both those in service and
waiting in line.
Build-up diagram
# of Customers in system (in service + waiting)
3
2
1
0
10:00 10:01
10:02 10:03 10:04
10:07
10:09
We will call the customer who arrived the earliest during this time span the first
customer, the customer who arrived the second earliest the second customer, etc..
The service discipline is first-come-first-served (FCFS).
According to the diagram, how long did the second customer have to wait (in
minutes) before he can enter service?
Consider a bank branch that has three distinct customer arrival patterns
throughout the day, as measured by average arrival rates (below).
Morning (8:30 - 11:30):
arrival 1 = 47 per hour.
%3D
Lunch (11:30 - 1:30):
arrival 2 = 70 per hour.
Afternoon (1:30 - 4:00):
arrival 3 = 30 per hour.
Regardless of the time of day, the average time it takes for a teller to serve
customers is 3.17 minutes.
Because of competition with other banks in the area, management has
developed an internal goal to keep the average customer wait before service to
be less than 4 minutes. With that in mind, answer the following:
a. During the morning period, what is the minimum number of tellers that
the bank needs to hire to achieve the 4-minute service goal mentioned
above? [ Select]
b. During lunch, what is the minimum number of tellers that the bank needs
to hire to achieve the 4 minute service goal mentioned above?
[ Select ]
c. In the afternoon, what is the minimum number of tellers that the bank
Chapter 18 Solutions
Operations Management
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1DRQCh. 18 - Why do waiting lines form even though a service...Ch. 18 - Prob. 3DRQCh. 18 - Prob. 4DRQCh. 18 - What approaches do supermarkets use to offset...Ch. 18 - Prob. 6DRQCh. 18 - Prob. 7DRQCh. 18 - Prob. 8DRQCh. 18 - Prob. 9DRQCh. 18 - Prob. 1TS
Ch. 18 - Prob. 2TSCh. 18 - Prob. 3TSCh. 18 - Prob. 1CTECh. 18 - Prob. 2CTECh. 18 - Prob. 3CTECh. 18 - The owner of Eat Now Restaurant implemented an...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5CTECh. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - Prob. 7PCh. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Prob. 15PCh. 18 - A priority waiting system assigns arriving...Ch. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 1CQ
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- During nearly four decades of business operations, Memphis-based FedEx has earned a reputation for reliable, on-time delivery of packages to homes and offices around the country. Founder Fred Smith originally focused on overnight deliveries, choosing Memphis as the company’s headquarters because the airport rarely closes due to bad weather. With FedEx’s planes departing and arriving on schedule nearly all the time, its express shipments usually remained on schedule, then and now. To reassure customers that delivery will take place when and where promised, the firm offers a money-back guarantee on time-sensitive express shipments, among other services. FedEx has steadily expanded its portfolio of services since the 1970s. Its original overnight express delivery is currently available to U.S. customers in various forms, including “first-overnight” delivery, next-morning delivery, next-afternoon delivery, and budget-pleasing two- or three-day delivery. The company’s services also include cost-effective ground delivery for parcels and extra-speedy same-day delivery for urgent deliveries within 1,800 cities. Over the years, FedEx has widened its delivery network to more than 220 countries. It has purchased more cargo jets and acquired specialized shipping firms, including Tiger International, Roberts Express, RPS, and TNT Express, to support global growth. For international business customers needing products, parts, or raw materials shipped across countries or continents, the company now offers time-saving services such as commercial freight forwarding and cross-border logistical support. To add the convenience of local drop-off and pickup points for U.S. consumers and small businesses, FedEx acquired the Kinko’s office services company in 2004 and later rebranded it as FedEx Office. This acquisition also added printing and copying to the menu of services offered. Then the company arranged for large U.S. retailers such as Walgreens, Albertsons, Kroger, and Safeway to accept packages for shipment and receive package delivery for customer pickup in thousands of store locations. This means people who want to send a package can head to a nearby retailer and ship where they shop, rather than making a separate trip to the FedEx location. It’s also a safe alternative for packages to be picked up by people who don’t want FedEx shipments left by the front door. Another service FedEx offers to small and mid-sized businesses, including retailers, is FedEx Fulfillment. The purpose is to expedite order fulfillment by having each business store its products in a FedEx warehouse. Then, when the business’s customers place orders, FedEx puts the products into boxes bearing the business’s own logo and ships directly to those customers. The business doesn’t need a separate warehouse or staff for fulfillment, and packages are on their way to customers more quickly because the products were in FedEx’s warehouse, ready to be packed and shipped. This service puts FedEx into direct competition with Amazon.com, which offers a similar service to merchants that sell through the online Amazon Marketplace. But it also gives businesses that don’t sell via Amazon a fast and professional fulfillment alternative. FedEx is careful to let customers know, through media and social-media announcements, when it anticipates that extreme weather or other conditions will cause delays or force it to halt pickups and deliveries. For the duration of Hurricane Irma, for example, FedEx said it would suspend deliveries in Florida. Some Florida customers who had ordered generators to be delivered via FedEx were unhappy, because they worried about being without power during and after the storm. But one FedEx employee loaded several generator orders into his car and took them to customers himself. When a customer posted a grateful compliment to FedEx on Facebook, the message generated thousands of likes, shares, and positive comments. The company also received positive comments for its donations of cash and transportation services to areas devastated by Hurricanes Irma, Harvey, and Maria. According to the American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI), FedEx often tops the list of U.S. shipping companies as ranked by customers surveyed. Every day, the company delivers 13 million packages—and during the busy year-end holiday season, it delivers many more. By meeting customers’ expectations for on-time deliveries, FedEx has increased annual revenues beyond $60 billion and positioned itself for continued growth in the future. How does FedEx’s money-back guarantee address customers’ concerns about heterogeneity?arrow_forwardThe prudential bank manager wants to improve its quality of service by reducing customer waiting times. To that end, a team of experts is needed to design what could be the best queuing strategy in order to have the minimum waiting time. Assuming your part of the team, what's the best queuing strategy to reduce the client's waiting time?arrow_forwardFor each of the following queuing systems, indicate whether it is a single or multiple-server model, the queue discipline, and whether it’s calling population is infinite or finite. Hair salon Bank Laundromat Doctor’s office Advisor’s office Airport runway Service station Copy centre Team trainer Mainframe computerarrow_forward
- Discuss how the design of a waiting system can negatively affect customers?arrow_forwardIn an M/M/1 queueing system, the arrival rate is 3 customers per hour and the service rate is 5 customers per hour. a. What is the utilization? (round your answer to 3 decimal places) b. What is the expected number of customers in the system (L)? (round your answer to 3 decimal places) c. What is the expected waiting time in the system (W)? (express the waiting time in hours, round your answer to 3 decimal places) d. What is the expected number of customers in the queue (Lq)? (round your answer to 3 decimal places) e. What is the expected waiting time in the queue (Wq)? (express the waiting time in hours, round your answer to 3 decimal places)arrow_forward9. Marty's Barber Shop has one barber. Customers have an arrival rate of 2.2 customers per hour, and haircuts are given with a service rate of 5 per hour. Use the Poisson arrivals and exponential service times model to answer the following questions: a. What is the probability that no units are in the system? b. What is the probability that one customer is receiving a haircut and no one is waiting? What is the probability that one customer is receiving a haircut and one customer is waiting? C. d. What is the probability that one customer is receiving a haircut and two customers are waiting? e. What is the probability that more than two customers are waiting? f. What is the average time a customer waits for service?arrow_forward
- How would you apply Queuing Analysis in the Engineering field?arrow_forwardWhat are the most common measures of system performance in a queuing analysis?arrow_forwardService discipline refers to guidelines on how to improve service quality in a waiting line system. Is this true or false?arrow_forward
- True or False: There is a waiting line only when the average arrival rate of customers exceeds the average service rate.arrow_forward6. The Security & Trust Bank employs 4 tellers to serve its customers. Customers arrive according to a Poisson process at a mean rate of 2 per minute. However, business is growing and management projects that the mean arrival rate will be 3 per minute a year from now. The transaction time between the teller and customer has an exponential distribution with a mean of 1 minute. Management has established the following guidelines for a satisfactory level of service to customers. The average number of customers waiting in line to begin service should not exceed 1. At least 90 percent of the time, the number of customers waiting in line should not exceed 3. (a) Use the Excel sheet to evaluate how well the guidelines will be satisfied a year from now if no change is made in the number of tellers.arrow_forwardExplain what is a waiting line problem ?arrow_forward
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