
Concept explainers
Interpretation:
Ratio of
Concept introduction:
In all electrochemical cells, oxidation occurs at anode and reduction occurs at cathode.
An anode is indicated by negative sign and cathode is indicated by the positive sign.
Electrons flow in the external circuit from the anode to the cathode.
In the electrochemical cells two half cells are connected with salt bridge. It allows the cations and anions to move between the two half cells.
Standard potential
If
If
The relation between standard cell potential and equilibrium constant is as follows.

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Chapter 18 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Practice
- Relative Transmittance 0.995 0.99 0.985 0.98 Please draw the structure that is consistent with all the spectral data below in the box and alphabetically label the equivalent protons in the structure (Ha, Hb, Hc ....) in order to assign all the proton NMR peaks. Label the absorption bands in the IR spectrum indicated by the arrows. INFRARED SPECTRUM 1 0.975 3000 2000 Wavenumber (cm-1) 1000 Structure with assigned H peaks 1 3 180 160 140 120 100 f1 (ppm) 80 60 40 20 0 C-13 NMR note that there are 4 peaks between 120-140ppm Integral values equal the number of equivalent protons 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 fl (ppm)arrow_forwardCalculate the pH of 0.0025 M phenol.arrow_forwardIn the following reaction, the OH- acts as which of these? NO2-(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ OH-(aq) + HNO2(aq)arrow_forward
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- The Ka for lactic acid is 1.4 x 10-4. Find the pH of a buffer made from 0.066 M lactic acid and 0.088 M sodium lactate.arrow_forwardZaitsev's Rule 3) (a) Rank the following alkenes in order of decreasing stability. most stable A B C D > > > (b) Rank the following carbocations in order of decreasing stability least stable B C Darrow_forwardCalculate the pH of 0.25 M acetic acid.arrow_forward
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