Organic Chemistry: Principles And Mechanisms: Study Guide/solutions Manual (second)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780393655551
Author: KARTY, Joel
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 18, Problem 18.49P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
It is to be explained why the given reaction proceeds dramatically more slowly under the neutral conditions than under either acidic or basic conditions.
Concept introduction:
The
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Although CH4 reacts with Cl2 to form CH3Cl and HCl, the corresponding reaction of CH4 with I2 does not occur at an appreciable rate, even though the I–I bond is much weaker than the Cl–Cl bond. Explain why this is so.
For the reaction shown, the rate of reaction when X=Cl is about the same as that when X=Br. Based on
this information, which statement represents a valid deduction concerning the mechanism of this
reaction?
OCH2CH3
O2N
NO2
NO2
(A) This is a one-step displacement reaction
(B) The reaction proceeds via a benzyne intermediate
(C) The C-X bond is broken in the rate-determining step
(D) The C-X bond is NOT broken in the rate-determining step
O2N
OCH,CH3
NO2
NO2
TRUE or FALSE: For a transition state to be considered as the rate-
determining step (rds) in a multi-step reaction, it must have the
highest change in enthalpy.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Organic Chemistry: Principles And Mechanisms: Study Guide/solutions Manual (second)
Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.1PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.4PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.5PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.6PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.7PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.8PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.9PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.10P
Ch. 18 - Prob. 18.11PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.12PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.13PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.14PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.15PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.16PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.18PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.19PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.20PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.21PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.22PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.23PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.24PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.25PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.26PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.27PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.28PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.29PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.30PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.31PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.32PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.33PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.34PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.35PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.36PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.37PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.38PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.39PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.40PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.41PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.42PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.43PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.44PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.45PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.46PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.47PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.48PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.49PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.50PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.51PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.52PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.53PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.54PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.55PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.56PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.57PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.58PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.59PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.60PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.61PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.62PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.63PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.64PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.65PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.66PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.67PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.68PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.69PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.70PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.71PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.72PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.73PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.74PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.75PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.76PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.77PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.78PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.79PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.80PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.81PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.82PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.83PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.84PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.85PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.86PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.87PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.88PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.89PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.90PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.91PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.92PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.93PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.94PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.95PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.96PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.97PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.98PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.99PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.100PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.101PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.102PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.103PCh. 18 - Prob. 18.1YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.2YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.3YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.4YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.5YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.6YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.7YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.8YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.9YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.10YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.11YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.12YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.13YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.14YTCh. 18 - Prob. 18.15YT
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The decomposition of di-2-methylpropan-2-yl peroxide produces propanone and ethane: (CH3)3COOC(CH3)3 → 2CH3COCH3 + C₂H6 and is described by the generally accepted mechanism: (CH3)3COOC(CH3)3 → 2 (CH3)3CO (CH3)3CO → CH3COCH3 + CH3* CH3 + CH3 →→ C₂H6 k₁ k₂ k3 1. Identify the intermediates. 2. Explain why this is NOT a chain reaction. 3. Confirm using the steady state approximation that the production of ethane is first order even though it takes place in a number of steps.arrow_forwardAlcohol is removed from the bloodstream by a series of metabolic reactions. The first reaction produces acetaldehyde; then other products are formed. The following data have been determined for the rate at which alcohol is removed from the blood of an average male, although individual rates can vary by 25-30%. Women metabolize alcohol a little more slowly than men: [CH,OH] (M) 4.4 x 10-2 3.3 x 10-2 2.2 x 10-2 Rate (mol/L/h) 2.0 x 10-2 2.0 × 10-2 2.0 x 10-2 Determine the rate equation, the rate constant, and the overall order for this reaction.arrow_forwardOutline a detailed mechanism for the reaction below. Identify the abbreviation for the reaction mechanism. OH H PO4arrow_forward
- The following reaction proceeds at a rate such that 4 mole of AA is consumed per minute. Given this, how many moles of CC are produced per minute? 2A+2B→4Carrow_forwardThe acid-catalysed conversion of γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHBA) into its lactone, γ-butyrolactone (GBL) is a reversible reaction. The GHBA to GBL forward reaction is first-order with respect to the GHBA concentration; the GBL to GHBA reverse reaction is first-order with respect to the GBL concentration. An experimental study of the kinetics of this reaction was undertaken in 0.2 mol L-1hydrochloric acid (HCl) at 298 K. The initial concentration of GHBA was 18.23 × 10-3mol L-1 . The concentration of GBL in solution was followed as a function of time (t), as indicated in Table B.3: Time/min 0 21 36 50 65 80 100 ∞ GBL Concentration / 10-3 L-1 0 2.41 3.73 4.96 6.10 7.08 8.11 13.28 Use the data in Table B.3 to determine the equilibrium constant and the first-order rate constants for both forward and reverse reactions.arrow_forwardIn aqueous solution buffered at a pH of 6.75 Penicillin G (molecular weight of 334.39 g/mole) undergoes hydrolysis via a pseudo first order reaction that has an activation energy of 77.3 kJ/mole and a pseudo first order rate constant of 1.58 x 10-7 s-1 at 30°C. What would the value of the rate constant be (in s-1) if the temperature was 60°C? a. 9.96 x 10-9 b. 1.59 x 10-7 c. 2.51 x 10-6 d. 7.62 x 10-6 e. None of the abovearrow_forward
- 5. For the chlorination of ethane, represented by the equation: CH3CH3 + Cl2 + hv→ CH3CH2CI + HCI, the following radical-mediated mechanism has been proposed: Cl2 2 Cl· + CI - CH4 + Cl. → CH3· + HCI CH3: + Cl2 → CH3CI + Cl· k1, k.1 k2 k3 CH3* + Cl· 2CH3CI ka, k.4 Additionally, it has been possible to establish, under certain experimental conditions, that the reaction is first order with respect to the methane, and three halves with respect to chlorine. a) Classify the different steps of this mechanism (i.e. initiation, propagation, etc.). b) Derive the rate law for the chlorination of ethane, based on the mechanism proposed. c) Identify which is the rate-determining step. Justify your selection. d) Indicate which are the assumptions and approximations you used so that this model could work (i.e. pre- equilibrium condition, steady state approximation, neglecting the contribution of a step, etc.).arrow_forward7arrow_forwardWrite the step by step mechanism for the following reactionarrow_forward
- In aqueous solution buffered at a pH of 6.75 Penicillin G (molecular weight of 334.39 g/mole) undergoes hydrolysis via a pseudo first order reaction that has an activation energy of 77.3 kJ/mole and a pseudo first order rate constant of 1.58 x 10-7 s-1 at 30°C. The solubility of the sodium salt of Penicillin G is 25 mg/ml of water. One would expect the solubility of the sodium salt to be ____________ that of the Penicillin G. a. higher than b. the same as c. lower thanarrow_forwardWhat is this reaction's mechanism?arrow_forwardFor the gas phase isomerization of cis-1,2-diphenylethene, cis-C6H5 CH=CHC6H5 → trans-C6H5 CH=CHC6H5 the rate constant at 569 K is 2.11 × 10-4 s¯¹ and the rate constant at 608 K is 2.39 × 10 -3 S The activation energy for the gas phase isomerization of cis-1,2-diphenylethene is | s-¹. S kJ.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
SAR of Anticancer(Antineoplastic) Drug/ Alkylating agents/ Nitrogen Mustard; Author: Pharmacy Lectures;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrzyK3LhUXs;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY