
(a)
Interpretation:
The preparation of the
Concept introduction:
The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which a group is substituted by an nucleophile. The
The
(b)
Interpretation:
The preparation of the
Concept introduction:
The nucleophilic substitution reactions are the reactions in which a group is substituted by an nucleophile. The rate of reaction depends upon the nucleophilicity and concentration of the i nucleophile.
The

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Chapter 18 Solutions
Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions
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- Calculate E° for Ni(glycine)2 + 2e– D Ni + 2 glycine– given Ni2+ + 2 glycine– D Ni(glycine)2 K = 1.2×1011 Ni2+ + 2 e– D Ni E° = -0.236 Varrow_forwardOne method for the analysis of Fe3+, which is used with a variety of sample matrices, is to form the highly colored Fe3+–thioglycolic acid complex. The complex absorbs strongly at 535 nm. Standardizing the method is accomplished using external standards. A 10.00-ppm Fe3+ working standard is prepared by transferring a 10-mL aliquot of a 100.0 ppm stock solution of Fe3+ to a 100-mL volumetric flask and diluting to volume. Calibration standards of 1.00, 2.00, 3.00, 4.00, and 5.00 ppm are prepared by transferring appropriate amounts of the 10.0 ppm working solution into separate 50-mL volumetric flasks, each of which contains 5 mL of thioglycolic acid, 2 mL of 20% w/v ammonium citrate, and 5 mL of 0.22 M NH3. After diluting to volume and mixing, the absorbances of the external standards are measured against an appropriate blank. Samples are prepared for analysis by taking a portion known to contain approximately 0.1 g of Fe3+, dissolving it in a minimum amount of HNO3, and diluting to…arrow_forwardAbsorbance and transmittance are related by: A = -log(T) A solution has a transmittance of 35% in a 1-cm-pathlength cell at a certain wavelength. Calculate the transmittance if you dilute 25.0 mL of the solution to 50.0 mL? (A = εbc) What is the transmittance of the original solution if the pathlength is increased to 10 cm?arrow_forward
- Under what conditions will Beer’s Law most likely NO LONGER be linear? When the absorbing species is very dilute. When the absorbing species participates in a concentration-dependent equilibrium. When the solution being studied contains a mixture of ions.arrow_forwardCompared to incident (exciting) radiation, fluorescence emission will have a: Higher energy Higher frequency Longer wavelengtharrow_forwardLin and Brown described a quantitative method for methanol based on its effect on the visible spectrum of methylene blue. In the absence of methanol, methylene blue has two prominent absorption bands at 610 nm and 663 nm, which correspond to the monomer and the dimer, respectively. In the presence of methanol, the intensity of the dimer’s absorption band decreases, while that for the monomer increases. For concentrations of methanol between 0 and 30% v/v, the ratio of the two absorbance, A663/ A610, is a linear function of the amount of methanol. Use the following standardization data to determine the %v/v methanol in a sample if A610 is 0.75 and A663 is 1.07.arrow_forward
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