Chapter 18, Problem 18.154P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The Q for the reactions in beakers B, C and D has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Reaction quotient:

The ratio of concentration terms for a reaction is known as reaction quotient.  It is denoted by $Q$.  For a reversible reaction of ${\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}{\text{ to NO}}_{\text{2}}$, the reaction quotient is represented as

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}\left(\text{g}\right)}\rightleftharpoons {\text{2NO}}_{\text{2(g)}}\\ \\ Q\text{ = }\frac{{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{2}}\right)}^{\text{2}}}{\left({\text{N}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\text{4}}\right)}\end{array}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The direction where the reaction proceeds for the beaker which is in not equilibrium has to be determined.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Dilution affects the extent of dissociation of a weak acid or not has to be given.