
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
From the given reaction it should be showed that how the product is prepared from the starting material.
Concept Introduction:
Oxidation: If electrons are moved from a species during a
Generally, oxidation of
(b)
Interpretation:
From the given reaction it should be showed that how the product is prepared from the starting material.
Concept Introduction:
Reduction: If electrons are gained to a species during a chemical reaction. The species which gets electrons are said to be reduced.
Generally, reduction of primary alcohol results to give aldehyde.
Aldehyde (except formaldehyde) in presence of Grignard Reagent results in formation of secondary alcohol.
Oxidation: If electrons are moved from a species during a chemical reaction. The species whose electrons are removed is said to be oxidized.
Generally, oxidation of primary alcohol forms aldehyde and secondary alcohol forms ketone.
(c)
Interpretation:
From the given reaction it should be showed that how the product prepared from the starting material.
Concept introduction:
Reduction: If electrons are gained to a species during a chemical reaction. The species which gets electrons are said to be reduced.
Reaction for aldehydes and ketones in presence of primary
The carbonyl group of a
Oxidation: If electrons are moved from a species during a chemical reaction. The species whose electrons are removed is said to be oxidized.
Generally, oxidation of primary alcohol forms aldehyde and secondary alcohol forms ketone.
(d)
Interpretation:
From the given reaction it should be showed that how the product is prepared from the starting material.
Concept introduction:
Reduction: If electrons are gained to a species during a chemical reaction. The species which gets electrons are said to be reduced.
Oxidation: If electrons are moved from a species during a chemical reaction. The species whose electrons are removed is said to be oxidized.
Generally, oxidation of primary alcohol forms aldehyde and secondary alcohol forms ketone.
(e)
Interpretation:
From the given reaction it should be showed that how the product is prepared from the starting material.
Concept introduction:
Reduction: If electrons are gained to a species during a chemical reaction. The species which gets electrons are said to be reduced.
Oxidation: If electrons are moved from a species during a chemical reaction. The species whose electrons are removed is said to be oxidized.
Generally, oxidation of primary alcohol forms aldehyde and secondary alcohol forms ketone.
Ketone in presence of Grignard Reagent results to form tertiary alcohol.

Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Chapter 17 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- 1. For each of the reaction "railroads" below, you are either asked to give the structure(s) of the starting material(s) or product(s), or provide reagents/conditions to accomplish the transformation, as indicated by the boxes. a. NaOMe H+ .CO,H HO₂C MeOH (excess) MeOH H3C Br يع CH3 1. LiAlH4 2. H3O+ 3. PBг3 H3C 1. Et-Li 2. H3O+ -CO₂Me -CO₂Me OH CH3 CH3 ল CH3arrow_forwardPredict the intermediate 1 and final product 2 of this organic reaction: NaOMe ག1, ད།་, - + H You can draw 1 and 2 in any arrangement you like. 2 work up Note: if either 1 or 2 consists of a pair of enantiomers, just draw one structure using line bonds instead of 3D (dash and wedge) bonds at the chiral center. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Х © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Parrow_forwardWhat is the total energy cost associated with the compound below adopting the shown conformation? CH3 HH DH CH3arrow_forward
- ΗΝ, Draw Final Product C cyclohexanone pH 4-5 Edit Enamine H3O+ CH3CH2Br THF, reflux H Edit Iminium Ionarrow_forwardHow many hydrogen atoms are connected to the indicated carbon atom?arrow_forwardIdentify the compound with the longest carbon - nitrogen bond. O CH3CH2CH=NH O CH3CH2NH2 CH3CH2C=N CH3CH=NCH 3 The length of all the carbon-nitrogen bonds are the samearrow_forward
- Identify any polar covalent bonds in epichlorohydrin with S+ and 8- symbols in the appropriate locations. Choose the correct answer below. Η H's+ 6Η Η Η Η Η Ηδ Η Ο Ο HH +Η Η +Η Η Η -8+ CIarrow_forwardH H:O::::H H H HH H::O:D:D:H HH HH H:O:D:D:H .. HH H:O:D:D:H H H Select the correct Lewis dot structure for the following compound: CH3CH2OHarrow_forwardRank the following compounds in order of decreasing boiling point. ннннн -С-С-Н . н-с- ННННН H ΗΤΗ НННН TTTĪ н-с-с-с-с-о-н НННН НН C' Н н-с-с-с-с-н НН || Ш НННН H-C-C-C-C-N-H ННННН IVarrow_forward
- Rank the following compounds in order of decreasing dipole moment. |>||>||| ||>|||>| |>|||>|| |||>||>| O ||>>||| H F H F H c=c || H c=c F F IIIarrow_forwardchoose the description that best describes the geometry for the following charged species ch3-arrow_forwardWhy isn't the ketone in this compound converted to an acetal or hemiacetal by the alcohol and acid?arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781259911156Author:Raymond Chang Dr., Jason Overby ProfessorPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationPrinciples of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9780078021558Author:Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.Publisher:McGraw-Hill EducationChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...ChemistryISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEY





