Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The effect of the absence of isocitrate lyase is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Bacteria are classified under prokaryotes, and they require carbon, energy sources, and oxygen to carry out daily activities. Bacteria can be grouped by examining their key
The basic unit of heredity which is made up of DNA segments is known as gene.
(b)
Interpretation:
Whether the result of graph (B) supports the result obtained in part a or not is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Bacteria are classified under prokaryotes, and they require carbon, energy sources, and oxygen to carry out daily activities. Bacteria can be grouped by examining their key metabolic pathways.
The basic unit of heredity which is made up of DNA segments is known as gene.
(c)
Interpretation:
The purpose of the experiment in part b is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Bacteria are classified under prokaryotes, and they require carbon, energy sources, and oxygen to carry out daily activities. Bacteria can be grouped by examining their key metabolic pathways.
The basic unit of heredity which is made up of DNA segments is known as gene.
(d)
Interpretation:
The reason as to why do the bacteria perishes in the absence of the glyoxylate cylce is to be stated.
Concept introduction:
Bacteria are classified under prokaryotes, and they require carbon, energy sources, and oxygen to carry out daily activities. Bacteria can be grouped by examining their key metabolic pathways.
The basic unit of heredity which is made up of DNA segments is known as gene.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
BIOCHEMISTRY
- Which features of the curves in Figure 30-2 indicates that the enzyme is not consumed in the overall reaction? ES is lower in energy that E + S and EP is lower in energy than E + P. What does this tell you about the stability of ES versus E + S and EP versus E + P.arrow_forwardLooking at the figure 30-5 what intermolecular forces are present between the substrate and the enzyme and the substrate and cofactors.arrow_forwardprovide short answers to the followings Urgent!arrow_forward
- Pyruvate is accepted into the TCA cycle by a “feeder” reaction using the pyruvatedehydrogenase complex, resulting in acetyl-CoA and CO2. Provide a full mechanismfor this reaction utilizing the TPP cofactor. Include the roles of all cofactors.arrow_forwardB- Vitamins are converted readily into important metabolic cofactors. Deficiency inany one of them has serious side effects. a. The disease beriberi results from a vitamin B 1 (Thiamine) deficiency and ischaracterized by cardiac and neurological symptoms. One key diagnostic forthis disease is an increased level of pyruvate and α-ketoglutarate in thebloodstream. How does this vitamin deficiency lead to increased serumlevels of these factors? b. What would you expect the effect on the TCA intermediates for a patientsuffering from vitamin B 5 deficiency? c. What would you expect the effect on the TCA intermediates for a patientsuffering from vitamin B 2 /B 3 deficiency?arrow_forwardDraw the Krebs Cycle and show the entry points for the amino acids Alanine,Glutamic Acid, Asparagine, and Valine into the Krebs Cycle - (Draw the Mechanism). How many rounds of Krebs will be required to waste all Carbons of Glutamic Acidas CO2?arrow_forward
- Sodium fluoroacetate (FCH 2CO2Na) is a very toxic molecule that is used as rodentpoison. It is converted enzymatically to fluoroacetyl-CoA and is utilized by citratesynthase to generate (2R,3S)-fluorocitrate. The release of this product is a potentinhibitor of the next enzyme in the TCA cycle. Show the mechanism for theproduction of fluorocitrate and explain how this molecule acts as a competitiveinhibitor. Predict the effect on the concentrations of TCA intermediates.arrow_forwardIndicate for the reactions below which type of enzyme and cofactor(s) (if any) wouldbe required to catalyze each reaction shown. 1) Fru-6-P + Ery-4-P <--> GAP + Sed-7-P2) Fru-6-P + Pi <--> Fru-1,6-BP + H2O3) GTP + ADP <--> GDP + ATP4) Sed-7-P + GAP <--> Rib-5-P + Xyl-5-P5) Oxaloacetate + GTP ---> PEP + GDP + CO 26) DHAP + Ery-4-P <--> Sed-1,7-BP + H 2O7) Pyruvate + ATP + HCO3- ---> Oxaloacetate + ADP + Piarrow_forwardTPP is also utilized in transketolase reactions in the PPP. Give a mechanism for theTPP-dependent reaction between Xylulose-5-phosphate and Ribose-5-Phosphate toyield Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and Sedoheptulose-7-Phosphate.arrow_forward
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