Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 17, Problem 3P
Where Do the O Atoms in Organisms Come From? Name three principal inorganic sources of oxygen atoms that are commonly available in the inanimate environment and readily accessible to the biosphere.
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The Miller- Urey Experiment
In the Stanley Miller and Harald Urey designed experiments that tested Alexander Oparin's and J.B.S. Haldane's hypothesis that conditions on the primitive Earth favored chemical reactions that synthesized more complex organic compounds from simpler organic precursors. Miller and Urey used an apparatus that recreated the conditions of what a primitive Earth was thought to consist of at the time. Methane, hydrogen , and steam were all Included to recreate conditions similar to that of a primitive Earth. Their goal was to create complex organic molecules from the simple organic molecules that were believed to be part of primitive Earth's makeup. The Miller- Urey experiment was run for a week and the samples collected were analyzedAnalysis showed that some of the carbon in the apparatus was converted to amino acids molecules, In later experiments , similar to Miller and Urey's, it has been shown that it is possible to form all 20 amino acids commonly found in…
The pure “fire air” consumed by a burning candle in a sealed glass jar, or by a mouse during aerobic respiration (in experiments conducted by Joseph Priestley), contains which of the following elements?
hydrogen and carbon (derived from the C6H12O6 produced by plants during photosynthesis)
carbon and oxygen (derived from the CO2 consumed by plants during photosynthesis)
carbon only (derived from the C6H12O6 produced by plants during photosynthesis)
hydrogen only (derived from the H2O produced by plants during photosynthesis)
oxygen only (derived from the O2 produced by plants during photosynthesis)
Chapter 17 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 17 - Global Carbon Dioxide Cycling Expressed as Human...Ch. 17 - Prob. 2PCh. 17 - Where Do the O Atoms in Organisms Come From? Name...Ch. 17 - How Do Catabolism and Anabolism Differ? What are...Ch. 17 - How Art the Enzymes of Metabolic Pathways...Ch. 17 - Why Do Anabolic and Catabolic Pathways Differ? Why...Ch. 17 - Prob. 7PCh. 17 - How Is Metabolism Regulated? (Integrates with...Ch. 17 - Prob. 9PCh. 17 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 17 - Which Is “Better: NMR or MS? Compare and...Ch. 17 - How Do Vitamin-Derived Coenzymes Aid Metabolism?...Ch. 17 - What Art the Features of the Series of -omes?...Ch. 17 - Prob. 14PCh. 17 - Prob. 15PCh. 17 - Prob. 16PCh. 17 - Prob. 17PCh. 17 - Prob. 18PCh. 17 - Which of the following experimental approaches is...Ch. 17 - Prob. 20P
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- What makes carbon's electron structure so adaptable in the creation of many biomolecules?arrow_forwardThe movement of energy between living organisms is a matter of atoms, molecules and compounds being built into larger molecules or being broke into smaller ones. Reviewing the two equations for energy transference, which one is building energy? 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy --------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 ---------> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energyarrow_forwardRubisco, which may be the most abundant protein on Earth, plays a key role in the synthesis of carbohydrates in organisms that use photosynthesis. What is rubisco, where is it located, and what function does it serve?arrow_forward
- Which electrically-neutral molecules are generated when complex IV (of the mitochondrial electron transport chain) adds 4 electrons and 4 protons to one molecule of diatomic oxygen gas? two molecules of the superoxide free radical two molecules of hydrogen peroxide two molecules of water two molecules of the hydroxide ion two molecules of the hydroxyl free radicalarrow_forwardWhat carbon compound is the least available for the majority of life forms and why is this the case?arrow_forwardDescribe the cycle of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) (only one) and include one paragraph overview, explaining the movement of the compounds of this element between the Earth’s spheres (including relative amounts) and how these movements are accompanied by changes in chemical forms.arrow_forward
- c) The pH values of the different compartments are shown below: Matrix Intermembrane space Cytosol pH 7.8 – 8.0 pH ~ 7.0pH 7.0 – 7.4 How can you explain these values in terms of what is known about mitochondrial function?arrow_forwardDefine the following terms:a. FADb. hydride ionc. energyd. electron transport pathwaye. coenzymearrow_forwardplease see attachedarrow_forward
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