It is to be shown how the given synthesis would carry out using necessary reagents. Concept introduction: Sodium hydride (NaH) is an ionic hydride and thus a strong base; it can be used to abstract the proton, resulting in the formation of nucleophile. Lithium dialkylcuprates ( R 2 CuLi ) are weak R - nucleophiles that favor conjugate addition over direct addition. The Wittig reaction is one of the primer methods of preparation of alkene from aldehyde or ketone using a reagent called ylide. The ylide is a neutral molecule having positively charged phosphorous atom bonded to negatively charged carbon atom. The negatively charged carbon of an ylide acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon of carbonyl group and forms betaine, which has the negative charge on oxygen and positive charge on phosphorus atom.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.78P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be shown how the given synthesis would carry out using necessary reagents.

Concept introduction:

Sodium hydride (NaH) is an ionic hydride and thus a strong base; it can be used to abstract the proton, resulting in the formation of nucleophile.

Lithium dialkylcuprates (R2CuLi) are weak R- nucleophiles that favor conjugate addition over direct addition.

The Wittig reaction is one of the primer methods of preparation of alkene from aldehyde or ketone using a reagent called ylide. The ylide is a neutral molecule having positively charged phosphorous atom bonded to negatively charged carbon atom. The negatively charged carbon of an ylide acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon of carbonyl group and forms betaine, which has the negative charge on oxygen and positive charge on phosphorus atom.

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(SYN) Show how to carry out each of the following syntheses, using any reagents necessary. Hint: In each case, the carbonyl group of a ketone or aldehyde is entirely removed. (a) (b) ? OCH3 OCH3 OCH3 OCH3 (c) (d) ? ? OH Ph

(SYN) Suggest how you would carry out the synthesis shown here using any reagents necessary. Hint: The synthesis may require more than one synthetic step. ?

(SYN) Show how you would carry out the following synthesis using any reagents necessary. Hint: The synthesis may require more than one synthetic step.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.78P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be shown how the given synthesis would carry out using necessary reagents.

Concept introduction:

Sodium hydride (NaH) is an ionic hydride and thus a strong base; it can be used to abstract the proton, resulting in the formation of nucleophile.

Lithium dialkylcuprates (R2CuLi) are weak R- nucleophiles that favor conjugate addition over direct addition.

The Wittig reaction is one of the primer methods of preparation of alkene from aldehyde or ketone using a reagent called ylide. The ylide is a neutral molecule having positively charged phosphorous atom bonded to negatively charged carbon atom. The negatively charged carbon of an ylide acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon of carbonyl group and forms betaine, which has the negative charge on oxygen and positive charge on phosphorus atom.

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.78P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

It is to be shown how the given synthesis would carry out using necessary reagents.

Concept introduction:

Sodium hydride (NaH) is an ionic hydride and thus a strong base; it can be used to abstract the proton, resulting in the formation of nucleophile.

Lithium dialkylcuprates (R2CuLi) are weak R- nucleophiles that favor conjugate addition over direct addition.

The Wittig reaction is one of the primer methods of preparation of alkene from aldehyde or ketone using a reagent called ylide. The ylide is a neutral molecule having positively charged phosphorous atom bonded to negatively charged carbon atom. The negatively charged carbon of an ylide acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon of carbonyl group and forms betaine, which has the negative charge on oxygen and positive charge on phosphorus atom.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Organic compounds that have a carbonyl group, C=O, as their functional group. The carbonyl group in aldehydes is placed at the end of the molecular structure, which means the C=O is attached to one hydrogen atom and an alkyl group or a benzene ring. Just like all the other homologous series in organic chemistry, the naming of aldehydes uses the suffix “-al”. The general molecular formula is C n H 2n O.

Chapter 17, Problem 17.78P

Interpretation Introduction