Chapter 17, Problem 17.77CP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure of Phenyl salicylate which is used as an intestinal antiseptic has to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

In chemistry structure is the arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule, specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond.

According to IUPAC nomenclature, the naming of compound is determined by the priority of the functional group if more than one functional group is present. The carbon attached to the functional group having most priority should get the least number while naming the compound.

The order of priority is,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{carboxylic}\text{acid>esters>amides>aldehydes>ketones>}\text{alcolhols>thiols>}\text{amines}\text{>}\\ \text{ethers>alkenes>alkyl}\text{halides>alkanes}\end{array}$

Carboxylic acid: One $-OH$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOH$

Ester: One $-OR\text{'}$ group is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the compound. It is represented as $RCOOR\text{'}$. The hydrogen atom of $-COOH$ is replaced by an alkyl group.

In case of carboxylic esters “–oic acid”is replaced by “esters “-oate” is to be written. The first part of the name indicates the alkyl group in the $RCO-$ part. The second part is the parent acid it is the alkyl group which replaces the hydrogen on the $-COOH$