The compound that is not a monocarboxylic acid has to be chosen from the given options. Concept Introduction: For naming a carboxylic acid in IUPAC nomenclature , the suffix “-oic” is added to the parent alkane name. IUPAC rules for naming a carboxylic acid: The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carboxyl group. The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-oic acid”. Numbering is done in a way that the carboxyl group is designated as number 1. This is not indicated in the part of the name because for carboxylic acid, the carboxyl carbon is always numbered 1. The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name. If the carboxyl functional group is attached to a ring of carbon atoms, the ring is named and “-carboxylic acid” is added as suffix. If the compound contains two carboxyl groups in its structure, then the suffix “-dioic acid” is added to the parent alkane name without replacing the suffix “-e” in the parent alkane name.

Question

20. The Brusselator. This hypothetical system was first proposed by a group work- ing in Brussels [see Prigogine and Lefever (1968)] in connection with spatially nonuniform chemical patterns. Because certain steps involve trimolecular reac tions, it is not a model of any real chemical system but rather a prototype that has been studied extensively. The reaction steps are A-X. B+X-Y+D. 2X+ Y-3X, X-E. 305 It is assumed that concentrations of A, B, D, and E are kept artificially con stant so that only X and Y vary with time. (a) Show that if all rate constants are chosen appropriately, the equations de scribing a Brusselator are: dt A-(B+ 1)x + x²y, dy =Bx-x²y. di

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 16.2, Problem 4QQ

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound that is not a monocarboxylic acid has to be chosen from the given options.

Concept Introduction:

For naming a carboxylic acid in IUPAC nomenclature, the suffix “-oic” is added to the parent alkane name.

IUPAC rules for naming a carboxylic acid:

The longest parent carbon chain is identified that includes the carboxyl group.

The parent chain name is changed by replacing the suffix “-e” with “-oic acid”.

Numbering is done in a way that the carboxyl group is designated as number 1. This is not indicated in the part of the name because for carboxylic acid, the carboxyl carbon is always numbered 1.

The identity and location of substituents if any has to be determined and this information has to be added in front of the IUPAC name.

If the carboxyl functional group is attached to a ring of carbon atoms, the ring is named and “-carboxylic acid” is added as suffix.

If the compound contains two carboxyl groups in its structure, then the suffix “-dioic acid” is added to the parent alkane name without replacing the suffix “-e” in the parent alkane name.

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20. The Brusselator. This hypothetical system was first proposed by a group work- ing in Brussels [see Prigogine and Lefever (1968)] in connection with spatially nonuniform chemical patterns. Because certain steps involve trimolecular reac tions, it is not a model of any real chemical system but rather a prototype that has been studied extensively. The reaction steps are A-X. B+X-Y+D. 2X+ Y-3X, X-E. 305 It is assumed that concentrations of A, B, D, and E are kept artificially con stant so that only X and Y vary with time. (a) Show that if all rate constants are chosen appropriately, the equations de scribing a Brusselator are: dt A-(B+ 1)x + x²y, dy =Bx-x²y. di

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