Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780321993724
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 44P
To determine
The minimum number of calories burned off climbing the mountain.
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A 55-kg woman cheats on her diet and eats a 540-Calorie (540 kcal) jelly doughnut for breakfast. (a) How many joules of energy are the equivalent of woman climb to perform an amount of mechanical work equivalent to the food energy in one jelly doughnut? Assume the height of a single stair is 15 cm. (c) If the human body is only 25% efficient in converting chemical energy to mechanical energy, how many stairs must the woman climb to work offher breakfast?
If you drop a piece of ice on a hard surface, the energy of impact will melt some of the ice. The higher it drops, the more ice will melt upon impact.
Find the height from which the a block of ice should ideally be dropped to completely melt if that falls without air drag. [Hint: Equate the joules of gravitational potential energy to the product of the mass of ice and its heat of fusion (in si units, 335,000 J/kg. Do you see why the answer doesn't depend on mass?] Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.
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Chapter 16 Solutions
Essential University Physics: Volume 1 (3rd Edition)
Ch. 16.1 - Is there (a) no temperature, (b) one temperature,...Ch. 16.2 - A hot rock with mass 250 g is dropped into an...Ch. 16.3 - The figure shows three slabs with the same...Ch. 16.3 - Prob. 16.4GICh. 16.4 - A houses thermostat fails, leaving the furnace...Ch. 16 - If system A is not in thermodynamic equilibrium...Ch. 16 - Does a thermometer measure its own temperature or...Ch. 16 - Compare the relative sizes of the kelvin, the...Ch. 16 - If you put a thermometer in direct sunlight, what...Ch. 16 - Why does the temperature in a stone building...
Ch. 16 - Why do large bodies of water exert a...Ch. 16 - A Thermos bottle consists of an evacuated,...Ch. 16 - Stainless-steel cookware often has a layer of...Ch. 16 - Prob. 9FTDCh. 16 - Prob. 10FTDCh. 16 - Glass and fiberglass are made from the same...Ch. 16 - To keep your hands warm while skiing, you should...Ch. 16 - Since Earth is exposed to solar radiation, why...Ch. 16 - Global warming at Earths surface is generally...Ch. 16 - In its 2014 report, the Intergovernmental Panel on...Ch. 16 - A Canadian meteorologist predicts an overnight low...Ch. 16 - Normal room temperature is 68F. Whats this in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 18ECh. 16 - At what temperature do the Fahrenheit and Celsius...Ch. 16 - The normal boiling point of nitrogen is 77.3 K....Ch. 16 - Prob. 21ECh. 16 - Prob. 22ECh. 16 - Prob. 23ECh. 16 - Whats the specific heat of a material if it takes...Ch. 16 - The average human diet contains about 2000 kcal...Ch. 16 - Prob. 26ECh. 16 - You bring a 350-g wrench into the house from your...Ch. 16 - Prob. 28ECh. 16 - Building heat loss in the United States is usually...Ch. 16 - Find the heat-loss rate through a slab of (a) wood...Ch. 16 - The top of a steel wood stove measures 90 cm by 40...Ch. 16 - Youre a builder whos advising a homeowner to have...Ch. 16 - An 8.0 m by 12 m house is built on a concrete slab...Ch. 16 - Find the -factor for a wall that loses 0.040 Btu...Ch. 16 - Compute the -factors for 1-inch thicknesses of...Ch. 16 - A horseshoe has surface area 50 cm2, and a...Ch. 16 - An oven loses energy at the rate of 14 W per C...Ch. 16 - Youre having your homes heating system replaced,...Ch. 16 - The filament of a 100-W lightbulb is at 3.0 kK....Ch. 16 - A typical human body has surface area 1.4 nr and...Ch. 16 - A constant-volume gas thermometer is filled with...Ch. 16 - A constant-volume gas thermometer is at 55-kPa...Ch. 16 - In Fig. 16.2s gas thermometer, the height h is...Ch. 16 - Prob. 44PCh. 16 - Typical fats contain about 9 kcal per gram. If the...Ch. 16 - A circular lake 1.0 km in diameter is 10 m deep...Ch. 16 - How much heat is required to raise an 800-g copper...Ch. 16 - Initially, 100 g of water and 100 g of another...Ch. 16 - Prob. 49PCh. 16 - Two neighbors return from Florida to find their...Ch. 16 - Prob. 51PCh. 16 - Prob. 52PCh. 16 - Prob. 53PCh. 16 - The temperature of the eardrum provides a reliable...Ch. 16 - Prob. 55PCh. 16 - Your young niece complains that her cocoa, at 90C,...Ch. 16 - A piece of copper at 300C is dropped into 1.0 kg...Ch. 16 - While camping, you boil water to make spaghetti....Ch. 16 - A biology labs walk-in cooler measures 3.0 m by...Ch. 16 - One end of an iron rod 40 cm long and 3.0 cm in...Ch. 16 - Prob. 61PCh. 16 - An electric stove burner has surface area 325 cm2...Ch. 16 - An electric current passes through a metal strip...Ch. 16 - Youre considering purchasing a new sleeping bag...Ch. 16 - A blacksmith heats a 1.1-kg iron horseshoe to...Ch. 16 - Whats the power output of a microwave oven that...Ch. 16 - A cylindrical log 15 cm in diameter and 65 cm long...Ch. 16 - A blue giant star whose surface temperature is 23...Ch. 16 - Prob. 69PCh. 16 - A black wood stove with surface area 4.6 nr is...Ch. 16 - Estimate the average temperature on Pluto,...Ch. 16 - Prob. 72PCh. 16 - Prob. 73PCh. 16 - Prob. 74PCh. 16 - Prob. 75PCh. 16 - In a cylindrical pipe where area isnt constant....Ch. 16 - Prob. 77PCh. 16 - Prob. 78PCh. 16 - Prob. 79PCh. 16 - Use the method outlined in Problem 76 to show that...Ch. 16 - A house is at 20C on a winter night when the...Ch. 16 - A more realistic approach to the solar greenhouse...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...Ch. 16 - Fiberglass is a popular, economical, and fairly...
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- A 120-pound woman working in an office expends about 2.2 3 103 kcal/day,whereas the same woman climbing a mountain needs 3.4 3 103 kcal/day. (a) How many joules per day does the woman expend in each activity? (b) How many seconds are in 1 day? (c) How many joules per second (5 watts) does the woman expend in each activity? (d) Which consumes more power (watts), the office worker or a 100-W light bulb?arrow_forwardCalculate how many kg an 80 kg person who replaces 30 minutes/day will lose in a yearin front of the TV for 30 minutes of brisk walking. Use the following data: Expensecalories during the walk (5 km/h) = 0.063 kcal/kg/minute. Calorie expenditure watching TV = 0.028kcal/kg/min. 1 kg of weight lost is equivalent to about 7000 kcal.arrow_forwardWhen it rains, water vapor in the air condenses into liquid water, and energy is released. (a) How much energy is released when 0.0318 m (1.25 inch) of rain falls over an area of 2.59×106 m² (one square mile)? (b) If the average energy needed to heat one home for a year is 1.50x1011 J, how many homes could be heated for a year with the energy determined in part (a)? (a) Number (b) Number i i Units Units >arrow_forward
- A weight lifter bench‑presses a 150.0 kg barbell from his chest to a height equal the length of his arms, 0.850 m How many food calories does the weight lifter use if he does this lift 35 times? Assume the weight lifter does no work in letting the barbell drop back to his chest.arrow_forwardThe nutritional calorie (Calorie) is equivalent to 1 kcal. Onepound of body fat is equivalent to about 4.1X10^3 Calories. Ex-press this quantity of energy in joules and kilojoules .If an athlete expends 1950 kJ/h, how long does she have toplay to work off 1.0 lb of body fatarrow_forwardIn an extreme marathon, participants run a total of 100 km; world-class athletes maintain a pace of 15 km/h. How many 230 Calorie energy bars would be required to fuel such a run for a 68 kg athlete?arrow_forward
- I need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forwardHow many sprints from rest to a speed of 5.0 m/s would a 65-kg man have to complete to burn off 5.0 x 10^2 Calories? (Assume 100% efficiency in converting food energy to mechanical energy.)arrow_forwardIf I add 37,483 J of energy to an ideal gas inside a balloon, causing the internal energy to increase by 6,283 J, how much work is done on the environment by the gas as the balloon expands?arrow_forward
- A 65.0-kg mountain climber just ate a Johnny Rocket's bacon-cheddar-double-burger meal along with two peanut butter milkshakes, which have 5810 Calories (5810 kilocalories). Assume she can convert these calories into energy with 100% efficiency and use the fact that 1 kcal = 4186 J. Calculate how many times she could climb up Mt. Everest – the world’s tallest mountain. The height of Mt. Everest is 8840 m.arrow_forwardA pound of body fat stores an amount of chemical energy equivalent to 3,500 Cal. When sleeping, the average adult burns or expends about 0.41 Cal/h for every pound of body weight.How long would the person have to sleep continuously to lose 1 lb of body fat? (Assume the person weighs 155 lb.)arrow_forwardA pound of body fat stores an amount of chemical energy equivalent to 3,500 Cal. When sleeping, the average adult burns or expends about 0.44 Cal/h for every pound of body weight. How long would the person have to sleep continuously to lose 1 lb of body fat? (Assume the person weighs 155 Ib.)arrow_forward
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