Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 16, Problem 42CTQ
Learning to ride a bike is a motor function dependent on the cerebellum. Why are the different regions of the cerebellum involved in this complex motor learning?
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Why are the different regions of the cerebellum involved in this complex motor learning? What might prevent someone from being able to learn to ride a bike? Are there disorders that might prevent this kind of motor function? Is there a correlation between the learning age and the stage of physical development?
can someone explain in simple terms how exactly the cerebellum communicates with the motor cortex when executing a voluntary movement? thanks
Neuroscience
Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum
1) Describe the basic anatomy of the basal ganglia and cerebellar circuits and theirrole in the refinement of movement
2) Know the basic anatomy of these structures and list the inputs to the basal ganglia
Please provide pictures with your explanation. This should help me prepare for an upcoming exam. I need to understand what is going and I'm a visual person!!
Chapter 16 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 16 - Watch this video...Ch. 16 - Watch this video...Ch. 16 - Read this article...Ch. 16 - Watch the video...Ch. 16 - Watch this short video...Ch. 16 - Watch this video...Ch. 16 - Watch this video...Ch. 16 - Watch this short video...Ch. 16 - Which major section of the neurological exam is...Ch. 16 - What function would most likely be affected by a...
Ch. 16 - Which major section of the neurological exam...Ch. 16 - Memory, emotional, language, and sensorimotor...Ch. 16 - Where is language function localized in the...Ch. 16 - Which of the following could be elements of cyto...Ch. 16 - Which of the following could be a multimodal...Ch. 16 - Which is an example of episodic memory? how to...Ch. 16 - Which type of aphasia is more like hearing a...Ch. 16 - What region of the cerebral cortex is associated...Ch. 16 - Without olfactory sensation to complement...Ch. 16 - Which of the following cranial nerves is not part...Ch. 16 - Which nerve is responsible for controlling the...Ch. 16 - Which nerve is responsible for taste, as well as...Ch. 16 - Which of the following nerves controls movements...Ch. 16 - Which of the following is not part of the...Ch. 16 - Which subtest is directed at proprioceptive...Ch. 16 - What term describes the inability to lift the aim...Ch. 16 - Which type of reflex is the jaw-jerk reflex that...Ch. 16 - Which of the following is a feature of both...Ch. 16 - Which white matter structure carries information...Ch. 16 - Which region of the cerebellum receives...Ch. 16 - Which of the following tests cerebellar function...Ch. 16 - Which of the following is not a cause of...Ch. 16 - Which of the following functions cannot be...Ch. 16 - Why is a rapid assessment of neurological function...Ch. 16 - How is the diagnostic category of TIA different...Ch. 16 - A patients performance of the majority of the...Ch. 16 - A patient responds to the question What is your...Ch. 16 - As a person ages, their ability to focus on near...Ch. 16 - When a patient flexes their neck, the head tips to...Ch. 16 - The location of somatosensation is based on the...Ch. 16 - Why are upper motor neuron lesions characterized...Ch. 16 - Learning to ride a bike is a motor function...Ch. 16 - Alcohol intoxication can produce slurred speech....
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- A presynaptic neuron in the cerebrum transmits information to hundreds of other neurons. This process is an example of (a) convergence (b) divergence (c) temporal summation (d) spatial summation (e) a graded potentialarrow_forwardCoordination and timing of movements and balance are functions of which of the following brain structures? a- basal ganglia b- motor cortex c- midbrain motor centers d- cerebellumarrow_forwardCoordination of complex movements by the cerebellum involves all the following mechanisms, except :-a- sequencing of movementsb- decomposition of movementsc- damping of movementsd- timing of movementsarrow_forward
- Why do the anatomical inputs to the cerebellum suggest that it can compare motor commands and sensory feedback?arrow_forwardBased on the attached figure (Fig. Box 18B of the textbook), what is the output structure of the basal ganglia for the limbic loop? NON-MOTOR LOOPS Oculomotor loop Prefrontal loop Limbic loop MOTOR LOOPS Body movement loop Primary motor, premotor, supplementary motor cortex Frontal eye field, supplementary eye field Frontal cortex Cortical input Thalamus Pallidum Striatum Motor, premotor, somatosensory cortex Putamen Cortical targets Cortical targets Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Posterior pariétal, prefrontal cortex Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Caudate (body) Anterior caudate Cortical targets Anterior cingulate, orbitofrontal cortex Amygdala, hippocampus, orbitofrontal, anterior cingulate, temporal cortex Ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens) Ventral HA Globus pallidus, internal segment Globus pallidus, Internal segment; substantia nigra pars reticulata Globus pallidus, internal segment substantia nigra pars reticulata pallidum Ventral lateral and ventral anterior nuclei Mediodorsal…arrow_forwardWhat is the role of the cerebellum in motor functioning?arrow_forward
- Identify the location of the cell bodies of lower motor neurons of the lateral corticospinal tract? Ventral horn Dorsal root ganglia Dorsal horn Thalamus Medullaarrow_forwardJacqueline is six years old, and learns lots of new things in her kindergarten class. The past three weeks, her teachers have helped her use scissors every day to grow her abilities with them and work towards cutting more complex shapes. This type of learning would be most hindered by damage to which brain region? basal ganglia occipitotemporal cortex dorsomedial thalamus cerebellumarrow_forwardLimbic System, Emotion, Reward, and Addiction List the effects of amygdala lesions at the introduction level (Introduction to Neuroscience College Level). This is not a question about the Papez circuit. It's a question about the effects of amygdala lesions.arrow_forward
- According to Schmidt's theory of motor control, which of the following would be controlled by the same generalized motor program? Question 11 options: Walking and running Reaching and grasping an object with either hand Throwing a ball overhand and underhand Hitting a golf ball and hitting a pitched baseballarrow_forwardThe primary motor area receives inputs arising from all the followingcenters, except :-a- basal gangliab- cerebellumc- hypothalamusd- thalamusarrow_forwardTraumatic damage to the spinal cord is common. Based on the information in Figure 2 and Table 2, is it possible that an entire column of white matter could be damaged without causing any problems with movement? Explain your answer carefully and thoroughly.arrow_forward
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