Chapter 16, Problem 19PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The steps involved in the mechanism for the conversion of benzaldehyde to benzoic acid are to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

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Electrophiles are electron deficient species which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles which accept electron pair.

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Nucleophiles are electron rich species which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles which donate electron pair.

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Nucleophilic addition reaction is a addition reaction where electron deficient or electrophilic double or triple bond reacts with electron rich species (nucleophile), with disappearance of the double bond and creation of two single bonds.

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In the presence of peroxy acids, the oxygen atom enters the phenylic carbon and leads to the oxidation of the compound.

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Peroxy acid are the acids which contains an acidic $-\text{OOH}$ group.