Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 16, Problem 16.61GP
Lemon juice, which contains citric acid, is traditionally recommended for removing the odor associated with cleaning fish. What
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Examine the structures of the following molecules. In each compound circle and identify by
name each functional group.
a) ethanolamine
b) Glucosamine
c) Threonine
H₂N-C-C-OH
H₂ H₂
H₂N
HO
OH
d) Phosphoenolpyruvate
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H₂N-CH
OH
OH
OH
HC - OH
1
CH3
OH
T
O=P-O
O
H₂C=C-C
OH
Mixtures of amino acids can be analyzed by first separating the mixture into its components through ion‑exchange chromatography.
Amino acids placed on a cation‑exchange resin containing sulfonate (−SO−3)(−SO3−) groups flow down the column at different rates because of two factors that influence their movement: (1) ionic attraction between the sulfonate residues on the column and positively charged functional groups on the amino acids, and (2) aggregation of nonpolar amino acid side chains with the hydrophobic backbone of the polystyrene resin.
Note that the ionic attraction is more important than hydrophobicity for this column media.
For each pair of amino acids, identify which will be eluted first from a cation‑exchange column using a pH 7.0pH 7.0 buffer.
Describe the chemistry involved in the processes of Lipid Interesterification and Lipid Fractionation. How can these two processes be combined to provide a spreadable lipid from palm oil? (Please provide a detailed explanation).
Chapter 16 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 16.2 - Identify the following compounds as primary,...Ch. 16.2 - Prob. 16.2PCh. 16.2 - Prob. 16.3PCh. 16.2 - Prob. 16.4PCh. 16.2 - Prob. 16.5KCPCh. 16.2 - Prob. 16.6KCPCh. 16.3 - Arrange the following compounds in order of...Ch. 16.3 - Draw the structures of (a) ethylamine and (b)...Ch. 16.4 - Provide compounds that fit the following...Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.10P
Ch. 16.4 - Prob. 16.11PCh. 16.5 - Write an equation for the acid-base equilibrium...Ch. 16.5 - Prob. 16.13PCh. 16.5 - Prob. 16.14PCh. 16.5 - Prob. 16.15PCh. 16.5 - Prob. 16.16PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 16.17PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 16.18PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 16.19PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 16.20PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 16.21PCh. 16.6 - Prob. 16.22PCh. 16.7 - Prob. 16.1CIAPCh. 16.7 - Prob. 16.2CIAPCh. 16.7 - Prob. 16.3CIAPCh. 16 - (a) For the compound above, identify each nitrogen...Ch. 16 - The structure of the amino acid lysine (in its...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.25UKCCh. 16 - Prob. 16.26UKCCh. 16 - Prob. 16.27UKCCh. 16 - Complete the following equations: (a) (b)...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.29APCh. 16 - Draw the structures corresponding to the following...Ch. 16 - Name the following amines, and classify them as...Ch. 16 - Name the following amines, and identify them as...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.33APCh. 16 - Which is a stronger base, diethyl ether or...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.35APCh. 16 - Prob. 16.36APCh. 16 - The compound lidocaine is used medically as a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.38APCh. 16 - Draw the structures of the ammonium ions formed...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.40APCh. 16 - Prob. 16.41APCh. 16 - Prob. 16.42APCh. 16 - Prob. 16.43APCh. 16 - Prob. 16.44APCh. 16 - Prob. 16.45CPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.46CPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.47CPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.48CPCh. 16 - How do amines differ from analogous alcohols in...Ch. 16 - Name at least two undesirable characteristics are...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.52CPCh. 16 - Complete the following equations (Hint: Answers...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.54CPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.55CPCh. 16 - Why is cyclohexylamine not considered to be a...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.57CPCh. 16 - Prob. 16.58GPCh. 16 - 1-Propylamine, 1-propanol, acetic acid, and butane...Ch. 16 - Prob. 16.60GPCh. 16 - Lemon juice, which contains citric acid, is...
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- Fatty acids are isolated using a surface embedded with silver ions. The composition of a fatty acid mixture was identified,and the shorthand notations of the fatty acid and triglyceride names were identified.Sample A – 18:0Sample B – trans-18:1∆9Sample C – cis, cis-20:2∆9, ∆12Sample D – 1,2-dibutyroyl-3-caproyl glycerolSample E – 1,2-dioleoyl-3-linoleoyl glycerolSample F – phosphatidylcholineWhich among these fatty acids and triglycerides, respectively, will MOST LIKELY be isolated by the described surface?Illustrate the condensed and skeletal structures of your answer(s). Provide a ten-sentence explanation to justify youranswers using relevant chemistry concepts.arrow_forwardWhat is the predominant ionic form of ribose-5-phosphate at physiological pH? Would ribose-5-phosphate be a good biological buffer for cells?arrow_forwardBriefly explain why water (H₂O) is an excellent solvent for NaCl. That is, why does NaCl dissolve in water?arrow_forward
- Draw the structure of a triacylglycerol containing stearic acid, palmitic acid, and oleic acid.arrow_forwardDehalogenase enzymes catalyze the clevage of C-X bonds. One such dehalogenase catalyzes the following reaction. An active site aspartate is thought to carry out the initial nucleophilic attack that expels the chloride. Select the most likely intermediate in the reaction. (Note the stereochemistry. Refer to P11.19 in the textbook if needed.) O O A C D OE -CH₂ H H₂C™ CO₂ H B CO₂ CI N H₂O Cr CO₂ H CO₂ нотум CH3 D CO₂ five N E CH₂arrow_forwardMixtures of amino acids can be analyzed by first separating the mixture into its components through ionexchange chromatography. Amino acids placed on a cation-exchange resin containing sulfonate ( -SO3-) groups flow down the column at different rates because of two factors that influence their movement: (1) ionic attraction between the sulfonate residues on the column and positively charged functional groups on the amino acids, and (2) aggregation of nonpolar amino acid side chains with the hydrophobic backbone of the polystyrene resin. For each pair of amino acids listed, determine which will be eluted first from the cation-exchange column by a pH 7.0 buffer. (a) Aspartate and lysine (b) Arginine and methionine(c) Glutamate and valine (d) Glycine and leucine (e) Serine and alaninearrow_forward
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