Chapter 16, Problem 128AP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The strength of the acid is to be determined from the given concentration andpH.

Concept introduction:

A strong acid is an electrolyte, which gets completely dissociated when dissolved in water to produce hydronium ions and its conjugate base. For a monoprotic acid, one molecule has only one ionizable proton.

${\text{HA}}_{\left(\text{aq}\right)}+{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_{\left(\text{l}\right)}\to {\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}{}_{\left(\text{aq}\right)}+{\text{A}}^{\text{-}}{}_{\left(\text{aq}\right)}$

pH is a measure of acidity of a solution, which depends on the concentration of hydronium ions concentration and temperature of the solution.

The formula to calculate the pH is:

$\text{pH}=-\log \left[{\text{H}}_{\text{3}}{\text{O}}^{\text{+}}\right]$ …… (1)

A weak acid does not ionize completely and the hydronium ion concentration is always less than the concentration of the acid dissolved.