Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 15, Problem 5TYU
Summary Introduction
Concept introduction: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a process of amplification of a specific DNA sequence consisting of the gene of interest. It is a DNA-based technique. This makes many copies of the target DNA sequence and is done in vitro.
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(iii)
What are the three (3) main cycles in PCR?
(iv) Discuss the processes at each PCR cycle mentioned in Q3 a) (iii).
Which technique rapidly replicates specific DNA fragments without cloning in cells? (a) gel electrophoresis (b) cDNA libraries (c) DNA probe (d) restriction fragment length polymorphism (e) polymerase chain reaction
Which of the following best describes the complete sequence of steps occurring during every cycle of PCR?
I-The primers hybridize to the target DNA.
II-The mixture is heated to a high temperature to denature the double stranded target DNA.
III-Fresh DNA polymerase is added.
IV-DNA polymerase extends the primers to make a copy of the target DNA.
A) II, I, IV.
B) I, III, II, IV.
C) III, IV, I, II.
D) III, IV, II.
E) II, III, IV.
Chapter 15 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 15.1 - Explain how gel electrophoresis is used to...Ch. 15.1 - Describe how PCR is used to amplify a specific...Ch. 15.1 - Compare the possible differences between a...Ch. 15.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.1 - Different forms of a protein are produced in the...Ch. 15.1 - What advantages does the PCR method have over gene...Ch. 15.2 - Describe the features of a typical CRISPR locus in...Ch. 15.2 - Explain the function of CRISPR in bacterial cells.Ch. 15.2 - Compare CRISPR-based endonucleases with...
Ch. 15.2 - Prob. 8LOCh. 15.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 15.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 15.3 - Prob. 9LOCh. 15.3 - Prob. 10LOCh. 15.3 - Discuss how qPCR, DNA microarrays (DNA chips), and...Ch. 15.3 - Explain how you would compare the expression of a...Ch. 15.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 15.4 - Describe how genome-wide association studies have...Ch. 15.4 - Explain how targeted gene silencing and knockout...Ch. 15.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.5 - Describe at least one important application of DNA...Ch. 15.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.5 - What are short tandem repeats (STRs), and why are...Ch. 15.5 - Why do gene targeting and mutagenesis screening in...Ch. 15.6 - Prob. 15LOCh. 15.6 - Prob. 16LOCh. 15.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 15.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 15.7 - Describe at least two safety issue associated with...Ch. 15.7 - What are some of the environment concerns...Ch. 15 - A plasmid (a) can be used as a DNA vector (b) is a...Ch. 15 - DNA molecules with complementary sticky ends...Ch. 15 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 15 - Which technique rapidly replicated specific DNA...Ch. 15 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 15 - A cDNA clone contains (a) introns (b) exons (c)...Ch. 15 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 15 - Gel electrophoresis separates nucleic acids on the...Ch. 15 - A CRISPR locus in a bacterium contains (a) short...Ch. 15 - DNA molecular with complementary sticky ends...Ch. 15 - These highly polymorphic molecular markers are...Ch. 15 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 15 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 15 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 15 - EVOLUTION LINK DNA technology, such as the...Ch. 15 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY What are some...
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- Why is DNA ligase so important in recombinant DNA technology? a.) It causes DNA to make multiple copies of itself. b.) It joins two DNA fragments together. c.) It shapes bacterial DNA into a circular plasmid. d.) It cuts DNA into restriction fragments.arrow_forwardIn DNA technology, the term vector can refer to(A) the enzyme that cuts DNA into restrictionfragments.(B) the sticky end of a DNA fragment.(C) a SNP marker.(D) a plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living cell.arrow_forwardGiven the situation: A paleontologist has recovered a tiny bit of organic material fromthe 400-year-old preserved skin of an extinct dodo. She would like to compare DNA from the sample with DNA from living birds.Which of the following would be most useful for increasing theamount of DNA available for testing? Option a.) restriction fragment analysis Option b.) polymerase chain reaction Option c.) electrophoresisarrow_forward
- What does a restriction enzyme do? O a) Delivers recombinant DNA to target cells. O b) Cuts DNA at a particular sequence. c) Makes synthetic DNA. O d) Joins together pieces of DNA from different sources.arrow_forwardThese highly polymorphic molecular markers are useful in DNA fingerprinting: (a) plasmid vectors (b) cloned DNA sequences (c) palindromic DNA sequences (d) short tandem repeats (e) complementary DNAsarrow_forwardYou are preparing to amplify a DNA sample using PCR and add the following to your set-up: forward primers, no dNTPs, and Taq polymerase. What will be the end result of your PCR? a) PCR would proceed normally b) Non-specific PCR of random templates will occur c) The reaction will cease after a few cycles d) The PCR reaction will not occur.arrow_forward
- What do genetic engineers use to create the “sticky ends” needed to splice two fragments of DNA together? a.) an amino acid sequence b.) DNA ligase c.) restriction enzymes d.) mRNAarrow_forwardIn Cohen-Boyer’s recombinant DNA procedure, ___i___ must be used for both the bacterial DNA and the amphibian DNA ___ii___ a) the same restriction enzyme; so that the restriction sites are identical in the DNA of each species b) different restriction enzymes; So that the genes outside the restriction site are maintained c) different restriction enzymes; to ensure that the newly introduced genes are maintained in the bacterial DNA d) the same restriction enzyme; to ensure that the newly formed DNA can replicatearrow_forwardChoose the correct statements from the list below. There may be more than one correct statement. A) If you start with 2 DNA templates, after four rounds of PCR you'll have 32 copies B) PCR is useful in making millions or billions of copies of a gene so that it is present in a quantity large enough to study C) quantitative PCR is very similar to PCR, but fluorescent probes are added so that we can measure how much PCR product exists by examining how much the reaction fluoresces D) In real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, the RNA is used as a template to make a cDNA copy (through reverse transcriptase)arrow_forward
- Predict the effect on the PCR reaction if any of the following circumstances arose: i) there are no primers in the reaction, i) there are no dNTPs in the reaction, iii) there is no Taq polymerase in the reaction, A PCR would not commence. B. PCR would proceed normally. C. PCR would cease after a few cycles. D. Non-specific DNA amplification will occur.arrow_forwardBioinformatics includes all of the following except (A) using computer programs to align DNA sequences. (B) using DNA technology to combine DNA from two different sources in a test tube. (C) developing computer-based tools for genome analysis. (D) using mathematical tools to make sense of biological systems.arrow_forwardArrange the following steps in the sequence they would happen in a DNA cloning experiment. a. sealing DNA fragments into vectors with DNA ligase; b. utilizing a probe to detect a clone in the library; c. sequencing the clone's DNA; d. creating a DNA library of clones; e. cutting genomic DNA with restriction enzymes. A. e,a,d,b,c B. a,d,b,c,e C. c,b,e,a,d D. e,d,a,c,barrow_forward
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