Chapter 14.3, Problem 25PP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

“Write an equation for the acid-base reaction between ammonium ion and sulphate ion. Why does the equilibrium mixture contain mostly reactants.” should be explained.

Concept introduction:

Bronsted-Lowry acid-base system:

Acid: According to Bronsted-Lowry concept; substance which donates theproton or ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ (hydrogen ion) are said to be acid. Proton donoris a Bronsted-Lowry acid.

Base:According to Bronsted-Lowry concept; substance whichaccepts the protonor ${\text{H}}^{\text{+}}$ (hydrogen ion) are said to be base.Proton acceptor is a Bronsted-Lowry base.

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{HCl + NH}}_{\text{3}}\to {\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{+}}{\text{ + Cl}}^{-}\\ \text{Acid base}\end{array}$

Conjugated acid-Base Pairs:

The pair of Acid-Base which is differs by a proton is called conjugated Acid-Base pair. The acid of conjugated acid-base pair has one more hydrogen atom from base of conjugated acid-base pair.

  $\begin{array}{l}{\text{ HCl + NH}}_{\text{3}}\to {\text{ NH}}_{\text{4}}^{\text{+}}{\text{ + Cl}}^{-}\\ \text{Acid base conjugated acid conjugated base}\end{array}$

The direction of acid base is that where strong acid and strong base will form weak acid and weak base.