Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 14.2, Problem 4QC
Summary Introduction
To review:
The type of receptors that bind the neurotransmitters of sympathetic preganglionic and postganglionic neurons.
Introduction:
In the sympathetic division of the ANS (autonomic nervous system), the neurons of this division release different kinds of neurotransmitters. There are various kinds of neurotransmitter receptors that are present on the surface of the target cells that help the neurotransmitter to enter into the cell.
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Chapter 14 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 14.1 - What are the basic functions of the ANS?Ch. 14.1 - 2. What are autonomic ganglia?
Ch. 14.1 - How do somatic motor neurons and autonomic neurons...Ch. 14.1 - 4. What are preganglionic and postganglionic...Ch. 14.1 - What are the two divisions of the ANS?Ch. 14.1 - How are the two divisions of the ANS alike, and...Ch. 14.2 - 1. Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic...Ch. 14.2 - Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic...Ch. 14.2 - Which neurotransmitter(s) is (are) released by...Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 4QC
Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 5QCCh. 14.2 - Describe the effects of the sympathetic nervous...Ch. 14.3 - What is the basic function of the parasympathetic...Ch. 14.3 - Where are the preganglionic parasympathetic cell...Ch. 14.3 - How does the arrangement of neurons in the...Ch. 14.3 - 4. Which neurotransmitter is released by all...Ch. 14.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 6QCCh. 14.3 - Summarize the effects of the parasympathetic...Ch. 14.4 - Prob. 1QCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 2QCCh. 14.4 - 3. What is autonomic tone?
Ch. 14.4 - How does the CNS mediate control over the ANS?Ch. 14 - Which of the following best describes the basic...Ch. 14 - 2. Fill in the blanks: The sympathetic nervous...Ch. 14 - 3. Sympathetic preganglionic neurons synapse:
a....Ch. 14 - Differentiate between adrenergic and cholinergic...Ch. 14 - Prob. 5CYRCh. 14 - Explain what happens when sympathetic neurons...Ch. 14 - Prob. 7CYRCh. 14 - Mark each of the following as an effect of the...Ch. 14 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 14 - 10. Fill in the blanks: _______receptors are...Ch. 14 - Parasympathetic ganglia are typically: a. located...Ch. 14 - Central nervous system control over the ANS is...Ch. 14 - 1. Using 20 or fewer words, define each of the...Ch. 14 - You are running a race to the top of a mountain....Ch. 14 - 3. Describe all the changes initiated by the...Ch. 14 - 1. Which cranial nerves would be affected by a...Ch. 14 - 2. A patient, Dr. Young, has both asthma and high...Ch. 14 - Mr. Chevalier has been diagnosed with Horner...Ch. 14 - Many chemical warfare agents, such as the...
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- why are fast acting neurotransmitters typically are small molecules?arrow_forwardWhy does a given type of neurotransmitter affect onlycertain types of cells? How can a neurotransmitterstimulate one type of cell but inhibit another type?arrow_forwardWhat happens to the membrane potential inside and outside of the cell when K+ channels are open?arrow_forward
- What properties of ion channels allow them to generate the large, rapid changes in membrane potential?arrow_forwardwhich is not true of neurotransmitters? a) they cross the membrane through the channels and carry electrical signals down the length of the axon b) dopamine and serotonin are neurotransmitters c) they are released by axon terminals into the synaptic cleft?arrow_forwardWhen an impulse arrives at the synapse, the synaptic vesicles open and release neurotransmitters into the cleft within a thousandth of a second. Within another ten thousandth of a second, these molecules have diffused across the cleft and bound to receptor sites in the effector cell. In what two ways is transmission across a synapse terminated so that the neuron’s signal is concluded?arrow_forward
- What kinds of stimuli cause gated ion channels to open or close?arrow_forwardLet’s say the synapses of a neuron’s dendrites are filled with glutamate-gated channels which, when activated by glutamate, cause an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in the neuron. In one instance, glutamate is released at all of the synapses simultaneously and this leads to an action potential in the neuron. A) What type of summation of PSPs is this? Why? B) List the sequence of steps that occur starting from binding of glutamate to the glutamate-gated channels at the synapses and ending with the membrane potential at the axon hillock returning to resting potential at the end of the action potential. (Include all the changes in voltage-gated channels underlying the action potential.)arrow_forwardIf extracellular [Na1] is elevated, how would the resting potential and action potential of a neuron change?arrow_forward
- Since at any moment a neuron is likely to have thousands of neurons releasing neurotransmitters at its surface, how is neuronal activity (to fire or not to fire) determined?arrow_forward55) normally, which of the following will happen after a neurotransmitter binds to its receptor? a) it closes an ion channel b) it binds to another receptor c) it is degraded by enzymes d) it remains in synaptic cleftarrow_forwardWhy is the receptor the important element determiningthe effect a neurotransmitter has on a target cell?arrow_forward
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