Chapter 14, Problem 56A

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The differentiation of the properties of steel with that of its constituents is to be discussed.

Concept introduction: Cast iron, the most important form of iron is used in the manufacture of steel. Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon.

Answer to Problem 56A

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. Cast iron is the most important form of iron used in the manufacture of steel. Alloy steel is obtained when other metals and non-metals are added to it.

Explanation of Solution

The effect of alloying elements on steel properties can be explained below:

Effect of iron: Cast iron is used in the manufacture of wrought iron. Due to alloying of iron in solid state, there is more space in the FCC lattice than in the bcc structure. The allotropic behavior of iron is retained when other elements are added to it.

For example, when Nickel is added; it is used for making automobiles, cables, airplane parts and pendulum. The purpose of chrome steel is crushing machines and cutting tools. Stainless Steel is used for cycles, utensils, automobiles, pens, etc.

Effect of Carbon: When alloying is done by titanium metal, carbides are formed as titanium carbide. Carbon contributes to steel’s strength and hardness.

Conclusion

This is explained on the basis of alloying elements.