Chapter 14, Problem 14.40QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To find the maximum number of $\text{ATP}$ molecules that can be formed by the break down of one mole of glucose.

Concept Introduction:

Free energy (Gibbs free energy) is the term that is used to explain the total energy content in a thermodynamic system that can be converted into work.  The free energy is represented by the letter G.  All spontaneous process is associated with the decrease of free energy in the system. There are many important reactions in the biological system in which the change in free energy is positive.  These non-spontaneous reactions requires an external energy source for initiation.  $\text{ATP}$(Adenosine triphosphate) is a biologically essential molecule in which the energy for the cellular reaction is stored.  $\text{ATP}$ is formed from $\text{ADP}$ by using the free energy released on the break down of a sugar molecule. When energy is needed for a reaction $\text{ATP}$ will be hydrolysed into $\text{ADP}$(Adenosine diphosphate).