Chapter 14, Problem 14.13QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in entropy of a system (${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{sys}}$) in the given process has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The change in entropy of a system is the difference in entropy in the initial and final state.  The change in entropy ($\Delta {\text{S}}_{sys}$) of the system can be calculated by using the following equation.

${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{sys}}\text{= nRln}\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{final}}}{{\text{V}}_{\text{initial}}}$

Where,

$\text{n}$ is the number of moles of the ideal gas

$\text{R}$ is the universal gas constant ($8.314{\text{JK}}^{-1}{\text{mol}}^{-1}$)

${\text{V}}_{\text{final}}$ is the final volume of the ideal gas

${\text{V}}_{\text{initial}}$ is the initial volume of the ideal gas

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in entropy of a system (${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{sys}}$) in the given process has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The change in entropy of a system is the difference in entropy in the initial and final state.  The change in entropy ($\Delta {\text{S}}_{sys}$) of the system can be calculated by using the following equation.

${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{sys}}\text{= nRln}\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{final}}}{{\text{V}}_{\text{initial}}}$

Where,

$\text{n}$ is the number of moles of the ideal gas

$\text{R}$ is the universal gas constant ($8.314{\text{JK}}^{-1}{\text{mol}}^{-1}$)

${\text{V}}_{\text{final}}$ is the final volume of the ideal gas

${\text{V}}_{\text{initial}}$ is the initial volume of the ideal gas

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The change in entropy of a system (${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{sys}}$) in the given set of processes has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

The change in entropy of a system is the difference in entropy in the initial and final state.  The change in entropy ($\Delta {\text{S}}_{sys}$) of the system can be calculated by using the following equation.

${\text{ΔS}}_{\text{sys}}\text{= nRln}\frac{{\text{V}}_{\text{final}}}{{\text{V}}_{\text{initial}}}$

Where,

$\text{n}$ is the number of moles of the ideal gas

$\text{R}$ is the universal gas constant ($8.314{\text{JK}}^{-1}{\text{mol}}^{-1}$)

${\text{V}}_{\text{final}}$ is the final volume of the ideal gas

${\text{V}}_{\text{initial}}$ is the initial volume of the ideal gas