Chapter 14, Problem 14.36AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alcohol should be identified as primary, secondary or tertiary alcohol.

Concept introduction:

Classification of alcohol:

Alcohols can be classified in to three types as

Primary alcohol,

Secondary alcohol,

Tertiary alcohol

Primary alcohol:

Hydroxyl group ($\text{OH}$) is attached to carbon atom which is bonded with three hydrogen atoms attached or two hydrogen atoms and one alkyl or aryl group is called primary alcohol.

Secondary alcohol:

Hydroxyl group ($\text{OH}$) is attached to carbon atom which is bonded with one hydrogen atoms and two alkyl or aryl group (two substituent) is called secondary alcohol.

Tertiary alcohol:

Hydroxyl group ($\text{OH}$) is attached to carbon atom which is bonded with three alkyl or aryl group (three substituent) is called tertiary alcohol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The hydrophilic or hydrophobic part and solubility property in water should be identified for the given compounds.

Concept introduction:

Alcohols have two different parts

1. (1) Hydrophilic (water-loving),
2. (2) Hydrophobic (water-fearing).

Hydrophilic (water-loving):

The compound has the hydroxyl group ($\text{OH}$) is called as hydrophilic.

Hydrophobic (water-fearing):

The compound has alkyl chain group is called as hydrophilic.

Solubility of the alcohol in water:

The solubility of the alcohol is mainly depends on the hydrophilic part as well as length of the alkyl chain. If the compound has more hydroxyl group or less number of carbon chain which is soluble in water. If the compound has hydroxyl group with more number of carbon which is insoluble in water because of hydrophobic part.