Chapter 14, Problem 14.21UKC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given structure has to be written.

Concept introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Answer to Problem 14.21UKC

The name of the compound is 5-Methyl-3-hexanol.

Explanation of Solution

The name of the alcohol is given below,

The number of carbon in parent chain is six, hence it is called as hexane.  The functional group of the given molecule is alcohol therefore the suffix “ane” is replaced with “ol” indicating the presence of alcohol. In the given structure the third carbon is bonded with alcohol $\left(\text{OH}\right)$ group and fifth carbon is bonded with methyl group. Therefore the name of the compound is 5-Methyl-3-hexanol.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given structure has to be written.

Concept introduction:

Naming aromatic compounds:

1. (1) Substituted benzenes are named using ‘-benzene’ as the parent.
2. (2) When benzene has more than one substituent, the position of those substituents is indicated by numbers or by ortho(o-), meta(m-) or para(p-).

Answer to Problem 14.21UKC

The name of the compound is 1-Methoxy-3-methylbenzene.

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is given below,

The parent ring is benzene. The functional group of the given molecule is methoxy and methyl group. The location of methoxy is in the first carbon and methyl group is third carbon of the benzene ring. Therefore the name of the molecule is 1-Methoxy-3-methylbenzene.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The IUPAC name for the given structure has to be written.

Concept introduction:

Any organic molecule can be named by using certain rules given by IUPAC (International Union for Pure and applied chemistry). IUPAC name consists of three parts, namely Prefix, suffix and root word.

Prefix- Represents the substituent present in the molecule and its position in the root name.

Suffix- Denotes the presence of functional group if any in the molecule.  It can be an alkene, alkyne, alcohol, carboxylic acid, alcohol etc.  To add suffix to name a compound, the suffix “-ane” in the parent alkane is replaced by the respective suffix, which corresponds to the functional group present in the given compound.  For carboxylic acid, suffix “-oic” will be added, for alcohol, suffix “-ol” will be added and so on

Root word - Represents the longest continuous carbon skeleton of the organic molecule.

Answer to Problem 14.21UKC

The name of the compound is 3-Methylcyclohexanol.

Explanation of Solution

The name of the compound is given below,

The number of carbon in parent chain is six and it is in the form of cycle, hence it is called as cyclohexane. The functional group of the given molecule is alcohol therefore the suffix “ane” is replaced with “ol” indicating the presence of alcohol. In the given structure, the first carbon is bonded with alcohol and third carbon is bonded with methyl $\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)$ group. Therefore the name of the compound is 3-Methylcyclohexanol.