When Mendel did crosses of true-breeding purple- and white-flowered pea plants, the white-flowered trait disappeared from the F 1 . generation but reappeared in the F 2 generation. Use genetic terms to explain why that happened.

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

When Mendel did crosses of true-breeding purple- and white-flowered pea plants, the white-flowered trait disappeared from the F₁. generation but reappeared in the F₂ generation. Use genetic terms to explain why that happened.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the white color trait disappeared in the F₁ generation and was again observed in the F₂ generation in Mendel’s cross between purple- and white- flowered pea plants.

Introduction: Genes have alternate forms known as alleles, which are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid in the F₁ generation. The dominant allele out of the two expresses itself and determines the phenotype. In F₁ individuals, two different alleles segregate into gametes. During self-pollination, the gametes unite randomly, thereby giving a chance to recessive alleles to be expressed in a homozygous state at the F₂ generation.

Explanation of Solution

The cross between the individuals that are true breeding homozygous for one allele gives different traits in F₁ progeny. This is called as monohybrid cross. Several traits of pea plants were studied in which Mendel used the purple- and white-colored flower traits to perform monohybrid experiment. When Mendel crossed these plants, the F₁ hybrids or first true breeding generation received was both dominant and recessive alleles equally but showed a purple pigment. This is because the purple-colored trait was dominant over white. That is, white-colored trait is and was not expressed recessive in the F₁ generation. However, the white trait was expressed in F₂ generation of the experiment. This was because it is only possible for a white allele to exist in a homozygous state, which causes the white trait to be expressed in F₂ generation.

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants.

Campbell Biology (10th Edition), Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

Fig.1: Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

When Mendel did crosses of true-breeding purple- and white-flowered pea plants, the white-flowered trait disappeared from the F₁. generation but reappeared in the F₂ generation. Use genetic terms to explain why that happened.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the white color trait disappeared in the F₁ generation and was again observed in the F₂ generation in Mendel’s cross between purple- and white- flowered pea plants.

Introduction: Genes have alternate forms known as alleles, which are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid in the F₁ generation. The dominant allele out of the two expresses itself and determines the phenotype. In F₁ individuals, two different alleles segregate into gametes. During self-pollination, the gametes unite randomly, thereby giving a chance to recessive alleles to be expressed in a homozygous state at the F₂ generation.

Explanation of Solution

The cross between the individuals that are true breeding homozygous for one allele gives different traits in F₁ progeny. This is called as monohybrid cross. Several traits of pea plants were studied in which Mendel used the purple- and white-colored flower traits to perform monohybrid experiment. When Mendel crossed these plants, the F₁ hybrids or first true breeding generation received was both dominant and recessive alleles equally but showed a purple pigment. This is because the purple-colored trait was dominant over white. That is, white-colored trait is and was not expressed recessive in the F₁ generation. However, the white trait was expressed in F₂ generation of the experiment. This was because it is only possible for a white allele to exist in a homozygous state, which causes the white trait to be expressed in F₂ generation.

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants.

Campbell Biology (10th Edition), Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

Fig.1: Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

When Mendel did crosses of true-breeding purple- and white-flowered pea plants, the white-flowered trait disappeared from the F₁. generation but reappeared in the F₂ generation. Use genetic terms to explain why that happened.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the white color trait disappeared in the F₁ generation and was again observed in the F₂ generation in Mendel’s cross between purple- and white- flowered pea plants.

Introduction: Genes have alternate forms known as alleles, which are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid in the F₁ generation. The dominant allele out of the two expresses itself and determines the phenotype. In F₁ individuals, two different alleles segregate into gametes. During self-pollination, the gametes unite randomly, thereby giving a chance to recessive alleles to be expressed in a homozygous state at the F₂ generation.

Explanation of Solution

The cross between the individuals that are true breeding homozygous for one allele gives different traits in F₁ progeny. This is called as monohybrid cross. Several traits of pea plants were studied in which Mendel used the purple- and white-colored flower traits to perform monohybrid experiment. When Mendel crossed these plants, the F₁ hybrids or first true breeding generation received was both dominant and recessive alleles equally but showed a purple pigment. This is because the purple-colored trait was dominant over white. That is, white-colored trait is and was not expressed recessive in the F₁ generation. However, the white trait was expressed in F₂ generation of the experiment. This was because it is only possible for a white allele to exist in a homozygous state, which causes the white trait to be expressed in F₂ generation.

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants.

Campbell Biology (10th Edition), Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

Fig.1: Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

When Mendel did crosses of true-breeding purple- and white-flowered pea plants, the white-flowered trait disappeared from the F₁. generation but reappeared in the F₂ generation. Use genetic terms to explain why that happened.

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the white color trait disappeared in the F₁ generation and was again observed in the F₂ generation in Mendel’s cross between purple- and white- flowered pea plants.

Introduction: Genes have alternate forms known as alleles, which are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid in the F₁ generation. The dominant allele out of the two expresses itself and determines the phenotype. In F₁ individuals, two different alleles segregate into gametes. During self-pollination, the gametes unite randomly, thereby giving a chance to recessive alleles to be expressed in a homozygous state at the F₂ generation.

Explanation of Solution

The cross between the individuals that are true breeding homozygous for one allele gives different traits in F₁ progeny. This is called as monohybrid cross. Several traits of pea plants were studied in which Mendel used the purple- and white-colored flower traits to perform monohybrid experiment. When Mendel crossed these plants, the F₁ hybrids or first true breeding generation received was both dominant and recessive alleles equally but showed a purple pigment. This is because the purple-colored trait was dominant over white. That is, white-colored trait is and was not expressed recessive in the F₁ generation. However, the white trait was expressed in F₂ generation of the experiment. This was because it is only possible for a white allele to exist in a homozygous state, which causes the white trait to be expressed in F₂ generation.

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants.

Campbell Biology (10th Edition), Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

Fig.1: Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the white color trait disappeared in the F₁ generation and was again observed in the F₂ generation in Mendel’s cross between purple- and white- flowered pea plants.

Introduction: Genes have alternate forms known as alleles, which are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid in the F₁ generation. The dominant allele out of the two expresses itself and determines the phenotype. In F₁ individuals, two different alleles segregate into gametes. During self-pollination, the gametes unite randomly, thereby giving a chance to recessive alleles to be expressed in a homozygous state at the F₂ generation.

Explanation of Solution

The cross between the individuals that are true breeding homozygous for one allele gives different traits in F₁ progeny. This is called as monohybrid cross. Several traits of pea plants were studied in which Mendel used the purple- and white-colored flower traits to perform monohybrid experiment. When Mendel crossed these plants, the F₁ hybrids or first true breeding generation received was both dominant and recessive alleles equally but showed a purple pigment. This is because the purple-colored trait was dominant over white. That is, white-colored trait is and was not expressed recessive in the F₁ generation. However, the white trait was expressed in F₂ generation of the experiment. This was because it is only possible for a white allele to exist in a homozygous state, which causes the white trait to be expressed in F₂ generation.

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants.

Campbell Biology (10th Edition), Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

Fig.1: Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the white color trait disappeared in the F₁ generation and was again observed in the F₂ generation in Mendel’s cross between purple- and white- flowered pea plants.

Introduction: Genes have alternate forms known as alleles, which are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid in the F₁ generation. The dominant allele out of the two expresses itself and determines the phenotype. In F₁ individuals, two different alleles segregate into gametes. During self-pollination, the gametes unite randomly, thereby giving a chance to recessive alleles to be expressed in a homozygous state at the F₂ generation.

Explanation of Solution

The cross between the individuals that are true breeding homozygous for one allele gives different traits in F₁ progeny. This is called as monohybrid cross. Several traits of pea plants were studied in which Mendel used the purple- and white-colored flower traits to perform monohybrid experiment. When Mendel crossed these plants, the F₁ hybrids or first true breeding generation received was both dominant and recessive alleles equally but showed a purple pigment. This is because the purple-colored trait was dominant over white. That is, white-colored trait is and was not expressed recessive in the F₁ generation. However, the white trait was expressed in F₂ generation of the experiment. This was because it is only possible for a white allele to exist in a homozygous state, which causes the white trait to be expressed in F₂ generation.

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants.

Campbell Biology (10th Edition), Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

Fig.1: Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

Summary Introduction

To explain: Why the white color trait disappeared in the F₁ generation and was again observed in the F₂ generation in Mendel’s cross between purple- and white- flowered pea plants.

Introduction: Genes have alternate forms known as alleles, which are transmitted to offspring. If the two alleles are different, then there is a hybrid in the F₁ generation. The dominant allele out of the two expresses itself and determines the phenotype. In F₁ individuals, two different alleles segregate into gametes. During self-pollination, the gametes unite randomly, thereby giving a chance to recessive alleles to be expressed in a homozygous state at the F₂ generation.

Answer 12

Explanation of Solution

The cross between the individuals that are true breeding homozygous for one allele gives different traits in F₁ progeny. This is called as monohybrid cross. Several traits of pea plants were studied in which Mendel used the purple- and white-colored flower traits to perform monohybrid experiment. When Mendel crossed these plants, the F₁ hybrids or first true breeding generation received was both dominant and recessive alleles equally but showed a purple pigment. This is because the purple-colored trait was dominant over white. That is, white-colored trait is and was not expressed recessive in the F₁ generation. However, the white trait was expressed in F₂ generation of the experiment. This was because it is only possible for a white allele to exist in a homozygous state, which causes the white trait to be expressed in F₂ generation.

Pictorial representation: Fig.1 shows Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants.

Campbell Biology (10th Edition), Chapter 14, Problem 14.1CR

Fig.1: Mendel’s cross between purple- and white-flowered pea plants