Chapter 13.5, Problem 7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The major product should be determined if the alkane has reacted with bromine instead of chlorine.

Concept Introduction:

Isomerism: Isomers are compounds with same molecular formula with different arrangements of atoms.

• Structural isomers:  have same molecular formula but different bonding arrangements of atoms. It is classified into coordination isomer (occurs by exchanging a coordinated ligand and the counter-ions) and linkage isomers (ligand attached through different atoms to the metal).
• Stereoisomers: This type of isomers that have same molecular formula and connectivity but differ in the way of atoms are oriented space. For example the difference between two stereoisomers lies only in the three dimensional arrangement of atoms.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Relative yield should be calculated for the target brominated product from the starting alkene molecule.

Concept Introduction:

Percent composition: The percentage composition of a compound can be calculated from

• It is formula and the relative atomic masses of its element.
• Example: The percent composition of sodium chloride, the relative atomic mass of sodium and relative molecular mass of $NaCl$ $23/(23+35.5)\times 100=39.3\%$

Relative molecular mass of a molecule:  The average mass of one molecule of a substance when compared with $1/12$ of the mass of an atom of carbon 12 (or) compared with 1 normal hydrogen atom.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{Relative}\text{molecular}\text{mass}\text{of}\text{molecule}\\ \text{=}\frac{\text{Average}\text{mass}\text{of}\text{one}\text{molecule}\text{of}\text{a}\text{substance}}{massof1/12ofanatomofcarbon-12}\end{array}$