Chapter 13, Problem 127AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The decreasing order of ionic radius of the given ions needs to be determined.

  ${\text{O, O}}^{\text{-}},{\text{O}}^{\text{2-}}$

Concept Introduction:

The periodic properties of the element can be determined with the help of their position in the periodic table and also with their valence shell electronic configuration.

The energy that is required to remove an electron from the neutral gaseous atom is called as ionization energy. Across the period, the atomic size decreases that increase the ionization energy across the period whereas as the atomic size increases down in the group the ionization energy decreases.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The decreasing order of ionic radius of the given ions needs to be determined.

  ${\text{Fe}}^{\text{2+}}{\text{, Ni}}^{\text{2+}},{\text{Zn}}^{\text{2+}}$

Concept Introduction:

The periodic properties of the element can be determined with the help of their position in the periodic table and also with their valence shell electronic configuration.

The energy that is required to remove an electron from the neutral gaseous atom is called as ionization energy. Across the period, the atomic size decreases that increase the ionization energy across the period whereas as the atomic size increases down in the group the ionization energy decreases.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The decreasing order of ionic radius of the given ions needs to be determined.

  ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}{\text{, K}}^{\text{+}},{\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}$

Concept Introduction:

The periodic properties of the element can be determined with the help of their position in the periodic table and also with their valence shell electronic configuration.

The energy that is required to remove an electron from the neutral gaseous atom is called as ionization energy. Across the period, the atomic size decreases that increase the ionization energy across the period whereas as the atomic size increases down in the group the ionization energy decreases.