Introductory Statistics
Introductory Statistics
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168208
Author: Barbara Illowsky, Susan Dean
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Concept explainers

Correlation
Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.
Linear Correlation
A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.
Regression Analysis
Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as p…
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Chapter 12, Problem 52P

Outliers

Use the following information to answer the next four exercises. The scatter plot shows the relationship between hours spent

studying and exam scores. The line shown is the calculated line of best fit. The correlation coefficient is 0.69.

Chapter 12, Problem 52P, Outliers Use the following information to answer the next four exercises. The scatter plot shows the

Figure 12.30

A point is removed, and the line of best fit is recalculated. The new correlation coefficient is 0.98. Does the point appear

to have been an outlier? Why?

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Chapter 12 Solutions

Introductory Statistics

Ch. 12 - Is the following an example of a linear equation?...Ch. 12 - Is the following an example of a linear equation?...Ch. 12 - Emma’s Extreme Sports hires hang-gliding...Ch. 12 - Ethan repairs household appliances like...Ch. 12 - Amelia plays basketball for her high school. She...Ch. 12 - SCUBA divers have maximum dive times they cannot...Ch. 12 - For a given line of best fit, you computed that r...Ch. 12 - For a given line of best fit, you compute that r =...Ch. 12 - For a given line of best fit, you compute that r =...Ch. 12 - For a given line of best fit, you compute that r =...
Ch. 12 - Data are collected on the relationship between the...Ch. 12 - Identify the potential outlier in the scatter...Ch. 12 - The data points for the graph from the third...Ch. 12 - The following table shows economic development...Ch. 12 - Linear Equations Use the following information to...Ch. 12 - Linear Equations Use the following information to...Ch. 12 - Linear Equations Use the following information to...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Is the equation y=10+5x3x2 linear? Why or why not?Ch. 12 - Which of the following equations are linear? a....Ch. 12 - Does the graph show a linear equation? Why or why...Ch. 12 - Use the columns "year" and "# flu cases diagnosed....Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Does the scatter plot appear linear? Strong or...Ch. 12 - Does the scatter plot appear linear? Strong or...Ch. 12 - Does the scatter plot appear linear? Strong or...Ch. 12 - The Regression Equation Use the following...Ch. 12 - The Regression Equation Use the following...Ch. 12 - The Regression Equation Use the following...Ch. 12 - The Regression Equation Use the following...Ch. 12 - The Regression Equation Use the following...Ch. 12 - What does an r value of zero mean?Ch. 12 - When n = 2 and r = 1, are the data significant?...Ch. 12 - When n = 100 and r = -0.89, is there a significant...Ch. 12 - When testing the significance of the correlation...Ch. 12 - When testing the significance of the correlation...Ch. 12 - If the level of significance is 0.05 and the...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Graph “year” versus “# flu cases diagnosed” (plot...Ch. 12 - Perform linear regression. What is the linear...Ch. 12 - Find the correlation coefficient. a. r = ________Ch. 12 - Solve. a. When x = 1985, y = _____ b. When x =...Ch. 12 - Does the line seem to fit the data? Why or why...Ch. 12 - What does the correlation imply about the...Ch. 12 - Plot the two given points on the following graph....Ch. 12 - Write the equation: y= ____________Ch. 12 - Hand draw a smooth curve on the graph that shows...Ch. 12 - Does the line seem to fit the data? Why or why...Ch. 12 - Do you think a linear fit is best? Why or why not?Ch. 12 - What does the correlation imply about the...Ch. 12 - Graph “year” vs. “# flu cases diagnosed.” Do not...Ch. 12 - Enter your data into your calculator or computer....Ch. 12 - Find the correlation coefficient. a. correlation =...Ch. 12 - Outliers Use the following information to answer...Ch. 12 - Outliers Use the following information to answer...Ch. 12 - Outliers Use the following information to answer...Ch. 12 - Outliers Use the following information to answer...Ch. 12 - The Sum of Squared Errors for a data set of 18...Ch. 12 - The Standard Deviation for the Sum of Squared...Ch. 12 - For each of the following situations, state the...Ch. 12 - Piece-rate systems are widely debated incentive...Ch. 12 - The Gross Domestic Product Purchasing Power Parity...Ch. 12 - The following table shows the poverty rates and...Ch. 12 - Does the higher cost of tuition translate into...Ch. 12 - If the level of significance is 0.05 and the...Ch. 12 - If there are 15 data points in a set of data, what...Ch. 12 - What is the process through which we can calculate...Ch. 12 - Explain what it means when a correlation has an r2...Ch. 12 - Can a coefficient of determination be negative?...Ch. 12 - Recently, the annual number of driver deaths per...Ch. 12 - Table 12.20 shows the life expectancy for an...Ch. 12 - The maximum discount value of the Entertainment®...Ch. 12 - Table 12.22 gives the gold medal times for every...Ch. 12 - State # letters in name Year entered the Union...Ch. 12 - The height (sidewalk to roof) of notable tall...Ch. 12 - Ornithologists, scientists who study birds, tag...Ch. 12 - The following table shows data on average per...Ch. 12 - The following table consists of one student...Ch. 12 - A researcher is investigating whether population...Ch. 12 - School Mid-Career Salary (in thousands) Yearly...Ch. 12 - The average number of people in a family that...Ch. 12 - The percent of female wage and salary workers who...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - Use the following information to answer the next...Ch. 12 - According to a flyer by a Prudential Insurance...Ch. 12 - The following are advertised sale prices of color...Ch. 12 - Table 12.34 shows the average heights for American...Ch. 12 - State # letters in name Year entered the Union...

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