1st Edition

ISBN: 9781938168208

Author: Barbara Illowsky, Susan Dean

Publisher: OpenStax College

Concept explainers

Correlation defines a relationship between two independent variables. It tells the degree to which variables move in relation to each other. When two sets of data are related to each other, there is a correlation between them.

Linear Correlation

A correlation is used to determine the relationships between numerical and categorical variables. In other words, it is an indicator of how things are connected to one another. The correlation analysis is the study of how variables are related.

Regression Analysis

Regression analysis is a statistical method in which it estimates the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variable. In simple terms dependent variable is called as outcome variable and independent variable is called as p…

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Textbook Question

Chapter 12, Problem 80BITH

Use the following information to answer the next two exercises. The cost of a leading liquid laundry detergent in different

sizes is given in Table 12.31.

Size (ounces)	Cost ($)	Cost per ounce
16	3.99
32	4.99
64	5.99
200	10.99

Table 12.31

80.

a. Using “size” as the independent variable and “cost” as the dependent variable, draw a scatter plot.

b. Does it appear from inspection that there is a relationship between the variables? Why or why not?

c. Calculate the least-squares line. Put the equation in the form of: y = a + bx

d. Find the correlation coefficient. Is it significant?

e. If the laundry detergent were sold in a 40-ounce size, find the estimated cost.

f. If the laundry detergent were sold in a 90-ounce size, find the estimated cost.

g. Does it appear that a line is the best way to fit the data? Why or why not?

h. Are there any outliers in the given data?

i. Is the least-squares line valid for predicting what a 300-ounce size of the laundry detergent would you cost? Why

or why not?

j. What is the slope of the least-squares (best-fit) line? Interpret the slope.

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Chapter 12, Problem 79BITH

Chapter 12, Problem 81BITH

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