Consider two ways of protecting elephants from poachers in African countries. In one approach, the government sets up enormous national parks that have sufficient habitat for elephants to thrive and forbids all local people to enter the parks or to injure either the elephants or their habitat in any way. In a second approach, the government sets up national parks and designates 10 villages around the edges of the park as official tourist centers that become places where tourists can stay and bases for guided tours inside the national park. Consider the different incentives of local villagers-who often are very poor-in each of these plans. Which plan seems more likely to help the elephant population?
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- Rhinoceroses are an endangered species. Worldwide, the number of rhinos has decreased 90 percent in the past 50 years, to about 29,000. Since 1977, CITES has had ban on international trade in rhino parts. The most valuable part of a rhino is its horn. which can be sold for prices that have risen as high as $100,000 per kilogram. Given the very high price, illegal poaching, in which rhinos are killed for their horns, has increased rapidly Interestingly, if done properly, the horn of a rhino can be harvested without kill- ing the rhino, and the horn will grow back. What challenges does CITES face in attempting to prevent international trade from contributing to the extinction of the rhino?arrow_forwardGraphically depict the market for hogs in China, assuming that the demand curve slopes down and the supply curve slopes up. This is purely an analysis of the impact of African swine fever. It is true that trade wars between the U.S. and China are significant, but for this analysis, we are just looking for the impact of the deadly swine fever independent of any other external shocks to the Chinese pork production industry.arrow_forwardWe are rapidly devastating the oceans’ carrying capacity. Worldwide limitations to commercial fishing would allow fish populations to recover and ensure that we have seafood available in the future too. If you enjoy seafood, please discuss the following questions in depth and explain your positions well. If you do not eat seafood, please ask the same questions to somebody who does; then put yourself in that person’s shoes and discuss the questions. Do you support worldwide regulations (limitations) for commercial fishing? Even if that means that hundreds of thousands of fishermen are out of jobs, that much less seafood comes on the market, and the price for seafood increases drastically? How would you justify those limitations to a fisherman who is out of his job? How much more would you be willing to pay for your seafood in order to support sustainable fishing practices?arrow_forward
- TRUE OR FALSE? EXPLAIN. To protect an industry, it is best when the Effective Rate of Protection is higher than the Normal Rate of Protection. For a Tariff-Rate Quota, the government imposes an import tariff and an import quota. The formation of Free Trade Areas and Custom Unions leads to free trade between all countries. Immiserizing growth takes place when there is an increase in growth and trade of a country. In the U.S, countervailing duties are levied on imported goods if they receive an export subsidy from the foreign government.arrow_forwardAn economist gives the following advice to a museum director: "You should introduce "peak pricing". At times when the museum has few visitors, you should admit visitors for free. And at times when the museum has many visitors, you should charge a higher admission fee." a) When the museum is quiet, is it rival or non-rival in consumption? Is it excludable or non-excludable? What %23 type of good-public or private - is the museum at those times? What would be the efficient price to charge visitors, and why? (I.e., should the price = $0, or should it be >$0?) %3D b) When the museum is busy, is it rival or non-rival in consumption? Is it excludable or non-excludable? What type of good is the museum at those times? What would be the efficient price to charge visitors, and why?arrow_forwardFor many purposes, the use of a tariff is said by economists to be “second best.” This means that Group of answer choices Another policy exists that would accomplish the same purpose as the tariff at lower economic cost. The tariff does not help those with the highest incomes, but only those with the second highest. The tariff benefits the country only by making other countries worse off. The tariff cannot be beneficial for the country as a whole.arrow_forward
- The government uses several tools to implement environmental regulation. For example, mandatory production standards are designed to prevent companies from damaging a public good such as air or water. Emission taxes that create financial incentives for industries to reduce known pollutants, for example, from oil and coal production, are used to reduce negative externalities. The government can also force a company that causes an environmental problem to clean it up, thus solving the free rider problem. Nevertheless, government regulation imposes costs on society: Higher production costs due to regulation may be passed on to households in the form of higher prices, which—if large enough—can harm the economy. Legislation and its enforcement increase the size and cost of government. What type of analysis does government engage in to protect public goods? Explain using economic terms. What is government goal?arrow_forwardOften there are trade-offs or sacrifices people must make in deciding what is important to them. Generally speaking, when a trade-off has to be made, which is more important to you: stimulating the economy or protecting the environment? Which worries you more: that the U.S. will NOT take the actions necessary to prevent the catastrophic effects of global warming because it fears those actions would harm the economy, or that the U.S. WILL take actions to protect against global warming and those actions will cripple the U.S. economy? 61% were in favor of stimulating the economy when presented with the first question, but only 46% were when presented with the second question. Why do you think that is?arrow_forwardOnly type answer and give answer fast i will give you upvotearrow_forward
- The following graph shows a fictional world economy that consists of only two countries, Greenberg and Baxton. Both countries produce airplanes under increasing-cost conditions. Note that the left-hand part of the diagram is a mirror image of a standard supply-demand diagram, and therefore the supply and demand curves slope in directions opposite their usual directions. Greenberg Baxton 30 27 24 +18 + + 15 12 In the absence of trade (that is, autarky), the equilibrium price in Greenberg is $ and the equilibrium price in Baxton is |. (Hint: Enter all monetary values in full. For example, $7,000 rather than $7.) In the absence of trade, which of the following statements is correct? O Greenberg has the comparative advantage in production of airplanes. O Greenberg and Baxton are equally good at producing airplanes. O Baxton has the comparative advantage in production of airplanes. Now suppose both countries open up to international trade with each other. For each country, use the previous…arrow_forwardImagine an Island a short distance off the east coast of a country. This island is called Onus, and it has a population of about 500 residents. Their only way to the mainland is by the ONE ferry boat that runs between Onus and the mainland (the ferry operates as a monopoly). Similarly, a short distance off the west coast of the same country is another island, Yuri, with a similar population of about 500 residents. Yuri, however, is a tourist attraction. There are MANY ferry boats running between Yuri and the mainland (each ferry operating in this perfectly competitive market). Each Yuri ferry operator provides service to both the tourists and to the 500 west coast island residents. Using the information that you learned in Chapter 13 of the text, answer the following questions by comparing and contrasting the differences between the monopoly market in Onus and the perfectly competitive market in Yuri. Explain in detail what differences in demand that the monopoly ferry…arrow_forwardImagine an Island a short distance off the east coast of a country. This island is called Onus, and it has a population of about 500 residents. Their only way to the mainland is by the ONE ferry boat that runs between Onus and the mainland (the ferry operates as a monopoly). Similarly, a short distance off the west coast of the same country is another island, Yuri, with a similar population of about 500 residents. Yuri, however, is a tourist attraction. There are MANY ferry boats running between Yuri and the mainland (each ferry operating in this perfectly competitive market). Each Yuri ferry operator provides service to both the tourists and to the 500 west coast island residents. Using the information that you learned in Chapter 13 of the text, answer the following questions by comparing and contrasting the differences between the monopoly market in Onus and the perfectly competitive market in Yuri. 1. Explain in detail how the monopoly ferry operator will determine the quantity…arrow_forward
- Essentials of Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781337091992Author:N. Gregory MankiwPublisher:Cengage Learning