Microsatellites are currently exploited as markers for paternity testing. A sample paternity test is shown in the following table in which ten microsatellite markers were used to test samples from a mother, her child, and an alleged father. The name of the microsatellite locus is given in the left-hand column, and the genotype of each individual is recorded as the number of repeats he or she carries at that locus. For example, at locus D9S302, the mother carries 30 repeats on one of her chromosomes and 31 on the other. In cases where an individual carries the same number of repeats on both chromosomes, only a single number is recorded. (Some of the numbers are followed by a decimal point, for example, 20.2, to indicate a partial repeat in addition to the complete repeats.) Assuming that these markers are inherited in a simple Mendelian fashion, can the alleged father be excluded as the source of the sperm that produced the child? Why or why not? Explain.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 12 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (12th Edition)
- As the leading scientist in a biomedical science laboratory, it is a requirement to give advice to your lab assistants when they are having problems with their experiments. What advice would you give to your assistants that are having the following problems: After performing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis to confirm the presence of the C01 gene of 750bp. 2.1. They observe no band appearing on an agarose gel. What would be your conclusion? 2.2. They observe three bands of different sizes that resemble a smear on the gel. Advice 2.3. They observe a single band on the gel and conclude that the PCR product is an exact copy of the original template DNA. Would you support their condusion? Explain. 2.4. Explain how PCR can be used to detect infectious agents in diagnoses of diseases.arrow_forwardCompared to the normal A allele, the disease-causing allele in sickle cell anemia (S allele) is missing an MstII restriction site. On a Southern blot of genomic DNA cut with MstII and hybridized with the probe shown on the diagram below, a person with sickle anemia, carrying two S alleles, will show Choose an answer below: a single band at 1.1 kb. a single band at 1.3 kb. a single band at 0.2 kb. one band at 0.2 and one at 1.3 kb. one band at 1.1 and one at 1.3 kb.arrow_forwardWhat is homologous recombination and where/when does it typically take place in an organism. Homologous recombination is also used experimentally during gene targeting. If you wanted to remove the function of the mouse gene fibroblast growth factor 4 (FGF4) using gene targeting by homologous recombination, what are the different aspects of a targeting vector you would need to make?arrow_forward
- ISSR is generally a dominant STS DNA marker. Nonetheless, with validated experimental evidence (e.g. laboratory and population genetics data), the marker can be used in codominance marker genotyping. Briefly explain each case below: a) Codominant marker targets specific locus and reveals allelic variations in that locus among DNA samples. b) Dominant marker: primers can complement other repeat sequences or in multiple loci thereby non-specificity in sampled genomes.arrow_forwardThe presence (+) or absence (−) of six sequences in each of five bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones (A–E) is indicated in the following table. Using these markers, put the BAC clones in their correct order and indicate the locations of the numbered sequences within them. Sequences BAC clone 1 2 3 4 5 6 A + − − − + − B − − − + − + C − + + − − − D − − + − + − E + − − + − −arrow_forwardIn the genotype presented (genomic plus plasmid genes), which of the following statements Is phenotype? genome: IS P O`z+Y° plasmid: I* Pt otzY+ no production of either B-gal and permease O B-gal and permease induced when lactose is present no B-gal is produced and expression of permease when lactose is present constitutive expression of B-gal and permease constitutive expression of B-gal and no expression of permeasearrow_forward
- In the Ames test shown in Figure 16-17, what is the reason for adding the liver extract to each sample?arrow_forwardThe figure below represents the size of various SSRS that are used for forensic analysis. The bars corresponding to each locus represent the range of size of the various alleles of the locus. 100 bp 200 bp 300 bp D8S1179 D21S11 D7S820 CSF1PO D3S1358 TH01 D13S317 D16S539 D2S1338 D199433 VWA TPOX D18S51 FGA D5S818 III Each color in the figure represents a set of molecular markers that can be analyzed simultaneously. Which of the following pairs of markers, which are not grouped together in the figure, could be analyzed simultaneously if they were the only two markers being studied? FGA and CSF1PO 400 bp THO and VWA THO and TPOX O TOPX and FGAarrow_forwardAs the leading scientist in a biomedical science laboratory, it is up to you to give advice to your lab assistants when they are having problems with their experiments. What advice would you give to your assistants that are having the following problems: After performing a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis to confirm the presence of the CO1 gene of 750bp. a. They observe no band appearing on an agarose gel. What would be your conclusion? b. They observe three bands of different sizes that resemble a smear on the gel. Advise. a. They observe a single band on the gel and conclude that the PCR product is an exact copy of the original template DNA. Would you support their conclusion? Explainarrow_forward
- Four E. coli strains of genotype a+ b- are labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4. Four strains of genotype a- b+ are labeled 5, 6, 7, and 8. The two genotypes are mixed in all possible combinations and (after incubation) are plated to determine the frequency of a+ b+ recombinants. The following results are obtained, where M = many recombinants, L = low numbers of recombinants, and 0 = no recombinants:On the basis of these results, assign a sex type (either Hfr, F+, or F-) to each strain.arrow_forwardA shuttle vector is a vector (usually a plasmid) constructed so that it can propagate in two different host species. One of the most common types of shuttle vectors is the yeast shuttle vector. Examples of such vectors derived from yeast are Yeast Episomal Plasmid (YEp), Yeast Integrating Plasmid (YIp) and Yeast Replicating Plasmid (YRp). Among these three vectors, YIp has the lowest transformation frequency and copy number per cell. Explain why Ylp is still popularly used despite its limitations.arrow_forwardThe answer bank only has one 9 minute option, therefore 9 minutes can only be used once. Is it possible that there is a mistake in the above solution?arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education