Chapter 12, Problem 25CR

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The overall shape of the periodic table should be sketched and the general regions that represent the various s, p, d and f orbitals being filled should be indicated. How an element’s position in the periodic table is related to its chemical properties should be discussed.

Concept Introduction:

Periodic table shows the arrangement of elements in order of increasing atomic number. The horizontal rows are periods and vertical rows, or columns are groups. The elements are represented by symbols with atomic number and atomic mass. The element is in its most stable state as it is represented in the periodic table. The group number helps in identifying the valance electrons and some properties of the element.

There are four blocks in which elements are categorized in the periodic table and they help in writing electron configuration of most of the elements.

Electron configuration describes the arrangement of electrons within the orbitals and sub orbitals of an atom. Valence-electron configuration is how electrons are arranged in the outermost shell.

The first two groups form the s block and the last six groups form the p block. From group 3 to 12 there are d block elements present in the periodic table. The two rows at the bottom of the periodic table are lanthanides and actinides.