Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780321885326
Author: Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Kelly A. Hogan
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 12, Problem 11TYK
Explain how you might engineer E. coli to produce human growth hormone (HGH) using the following: E. coli containing a plasmid, DNA carrying the gene for HGH, DNA ligase, a restriction enzyme, equipment for manipulating and growing bacteria, a method for extracting and purifying the hormone, and an appropriate DNA probe. (Assume that the human HGH gene lacks introns.)
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Transgenic bacteria can be used to make an alanine rich (GM) plant. Explain how bacteria can be used to produce large amounts as a cheap source of protein. Your explanation will include the role of: Restriction enzymes, plasmids, recombinant DNA, and bacteria.
Describe how restriction enzymes like EcoR1 are used to create recombinant plasmids and what the process is for using these plasmids to replicate a piece of target DNA. Include information about how to create sticky ends, the makeup of the bacterial plasmid and how to tell if the gene was successfully inserted in the plasmid and if the plasmid has been transformed by the bacteria. You may use a drawing to enhance your description.
Bacteria can be used to produce human growth hormone (HGH - a peptide/protein) through genetic engineering. The human gene for HGH is inserted into a plasmid, which is then
taken up by a bacterial cell, which divides and multiplies into a clone of cells, all of which contain the plasmid with the HGH gene. The bacteria express the HGH gene, producing
HGH which can be harvested and used for treatment of humans. (See figure below) Which of the following statements is NOT true about this process?
bacterium
Vector, such as a
DNA containing the gene of
plasmid, isolated
it from a different species is
Gene encoding protein for
pest resistance is inserted
into plant cells
©2019 Pearson Education, Inc
chromosome recombinant
DNA (plasmid)
transformed
bacterium
Create and harvest
copies of a gene
with either of two goals in mind.
Gene encoding degradative
enzyme to clean up toxdo
waste is inserted into
bacterial cells
ved by an enzyme into
gene of interest
The desired gene is selected and…
Chapter 12 Solutions
Campbell Biology: Concepts & Connections (8th Edition)
Ch. 12 - Imagine you have found a small quantity of DNA....Ch. 12 - Which of the following would be considered a...Ch. 12 - The DNA profiles used as evidence in a murder...Ch. 12 - A paleontologist has recovered a tiny bit of...Ch. 12 - How many genes are there in a human sperm cell? a....Ch. 12 - When a typical restriction enzyme cuts a DNA...Ch. 12 - Why does DNA profiling rely on comparing specific...Ch. 12 - Recombinant DNA techniques are used to...Ch. 12 - A biochemist hopes to find a gene in human cells...Ch. 12 - Prob. 10TYK
Ch. 12 - Explain how you might engineer E. coli to produce...Ch. 12 - What is left for genetic researchers to do now...Ch. 12 - Today, it is fairly easy to make transgenic plants...Ch. 12 - In the not-too-distant future, gene therapy may be...Ch. 12 - The possibility of extensive genetic testing...Ch. 12 - SCIENTIFIC THINKING Scientists investigate...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Jackson Wang is a biologist working with the genetics of a thermophilic bacterium. He cloned a heat shock gene from the bacteria for further analysis. After cloning, he isolated the plasmid carrying his gene of interest for sequencing. Jackson finally received the nucleotide sequence of his gene. Explain in detail how he could verify whether the nucleotide sequence matches his gene of interest using the bioinformatics databases available.arrow_forwardYou want to produce mass amounts of oxytocin, a small peptide hormone produced by the pituitary gland in humans that plays a role in uterine contraction during child birth and lactation during nursing. Your basic approach will be to obtain the gene for oxytocin from the pituitary gland, splice it into a bacterial plasmid, then grow lots of the bacteria to obtain lots of the hormone. For each tool or item listed below, describe what role it plays in the approach you are using to make lots of oxytocin. Bacterial plasmid Restriction enzyme DNA ligasec DNAarrow_forwardIhsan is a biologist working with the genetics of a psychrophilic bacterium. He cloned an antifreeze gene from the bacteria for further analysis. After cloning, he isolated the plasmid carrying his gene of interest for sequencing. Ihsan finally received the nucleotide sequence of his gene. Explain in detail how he could verify whether the nucleotide sequence matches his gene of interest using the bioinformatics databases available.arrow_forward
- A biologist is attempting to clone the gene encoding a particular enzyme (Enz) into a plasmid vector in E.coli. This plasmid has a gene encoding a green fluorescent protein (GFP) as well as a gene for tetracycline antibiotic resistance (TetR). The restriction site (to clone foreign DNA into) is within the GFP sequence. Which of the following would be expected when trying to see which E. coli cells acquired the recombinant plasmid (i.e., carrying the Enz gene)? Bacteria UNABLE to grow on tetracycline-containing media AND are NOT able to make green fluorescent protein are the ones that contain the recombinant plasmid. Bacteria able to grow on tetracycline-containing media AND that are NOT able to make green fluorescent protein are the ones that contain the recombinant plasmid. Bacteria able to grow on tetracycline-containing media AND are able to make green fluorescent protein are the ones that contain the recombinant plasmid. Bacteria UNABLE to…arrow_forwardRestriction endonuclease and ligase are two types of enzymes used in the process of genetic engineering, i.e., the manipulation of genes. The restriction endonuclease differs from ligase in that it breaks the DNA at ends, while ligase causes the breaks in DNA from interior joins the fragments of DNA, while ligase breaks the DNA into fragments breaks the DNA at specific points, while the ligase joins the fragments of DNA breaks the DNA apart at each nucleotide, while ligase use the pieces to translatearrow_forwardDuring nucleic acid hybridization, the probe is labelled for DNA stability to increase probe-test DNA binding to identify the location of probe and the test DNA binding for amplificationarrow_forward
- Label the image below with ALL the pertinent information related to gene cloning. Make sure you use the following terms: bacterial plasmid, the gene of interest, recombinant plasmid, restriction enzymes, DNA ligase, insert plasmid into bacteria, cloning of plasmid in culture, etc.)arrow_forwardAfter cloning is carried out to insert a foreign gene into BL21(DE3), you would like to confirm the expression of the foreign protein in the bacteria using a blotting technique. Briefly describe the steps to achieve your objective with simple illustrations and descriptions.arrow_forwardA restriction map lists the locations of DNA sequences that are cut by a particular restriction enzyme for a piece of DNA, such as a chromosome or a plasmid. Restriction maps are important when generating a construct for experimental use. Digesting the DNA sequence with the restriction enzymes will result in fragmented DNA of predictable sizes, based on the restriction map, that allow a researcher to analyze if his or her construct was generated correctly when visualized using gel electrophoresis. Use the linear restriction map to predict where bands would be expected on a gel if a digest is performed using the specified restriction enzymes. Assume that there is enough restriction enzyme that every possible restriction site on each molecule of DNA will be cut.arrow_forward
- Use this information to match the list of probes to the 3 samples below: You have isolated several DNA sequences from a variety of mouse tissues. You have labeled each one of them with a radioisotope and will use them as probes on blots of several DNA and RNA somples. Below are a list of all the probes you generated (probes A through E) and a list of all the DNA and RNA samples that you will analyze (Samples 1 through 3) Beside each sample, write the letters corresponding to oll the probes that will bind to a complementary sequence in that sample. These responses are graded all or nothing! List of probes Probe A: promoter sequence of a gene that is only expressed in the nervous system Probe B: promoter sequence of one of the genes encoding a ubiquitously expressed histone protein Probe C: coding sequence of a gene that is only expressed in the nervous system Probe D: coding sequence of one of the genes encoding a ubiquitously expressed histone protein Probe E: intron of a gene that is…arrow_forwardCloning Genes Is a Multistep Process In cloning human DNA, why is it necessary to insert the DNA into a vector such as a bacterial plasmid?arrow_forwardPlease answer in short and ASAP .arrow_forward
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