Human Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780805382952
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 11, Problem 6AYKB
Explain what would happen if depolarization of the trigger zone led to a negative feedback loop instead of a positive one. (Connects toChapter 1)
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Match each numbered item with the most closely related lettereditem.Challenge Yourself1. motor nervoussystem2. effector3. oligodendrocyte4. chromatophilicsubstance5. collaterals6. microglial cells7. multipolar neurons8. interneuron9. chemical synapse10. dendritea. skeletal muscle fiberb. neuron part that usuallyreceives incoming impulsesc. stain darkly with basic dyesd. transmits motor informatione. uses a neurotransmitterf. makes myelin sheaths in CNSg. neurons with multipledendritesh. side branches of axonsi. respond to CNS infectionj. sensory to motor neuroncommunication
Does a prolonged threshold stimulation or a prolonged stronger than – threshold stimulus produce the most Act. Pot
Extracellular recordings create a distinct action potential. Choose the option that best describes the trace recording after stimulation.
1.The voltage trace becomes increasingly positive because the extracellular space becomes less negative
2.The voltage trace becomes increasingly positive because the extracellular space becomes less positive
3.The voltage trace becomes increasingly negative because the extracellular space becomes less positive
4.The voltage trace becomes increasingly negative because the extracellular space becomes more positive
Chapter 11 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 11.1 - What are the organs of the CNS?Ch. 11.1 - Prob. 2QCCh. 11.1 - Describe the sensory, integrative, and motor...Ch. 11.1 - 4. What are the differences between the somatic...Ch. 11.1 - How does the somatic motor division of the PNS...Ch. 11.2 - What are the functions of the cell body,...Ch. 11.2 - What are the structural differences between...Ch. 11.2 - What are the functional differences between...Ch. 11.2 - What are the functions of astrocytes?Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 5QC
Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 11.2 - 7. What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Ch. 11.2 - How does the myelin sheath differ in the CNS and...Ch. 11.2 - Are neurons more likely to regenerate in the CNS...Ch. 11.2 - Prob. 10QCCh. 11.3 - 1. What is the resting membrane potential?
Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 2QCCh. 11.3 - What two factors generate the resting membrane...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 4QCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 11.3 - In and around the axon, where is the higher...Ch. 11.3 - What is the resting membrane potential, and what...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 8QCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 9QCCh. 11.3 - Prob. 10QCCh. 11.3 - What takes place during the depolarization phase...Ch. 11.3 - 7. What must be reached in order for...Ch. 11.3 - 8. What takes place during the repolarization and...Ch. 11.3 - 9. What are the absolute and relative refractory...Ch. 11.3 - 10. How do local potentials and action potentials...Ch. 11.3 - Which is useful for long-distance signaling, and...Ch. 11.3 - 12. How is an action potential propagated down an...Ch. 11.3 - Prob. 18QCCh. 11.4 - What are three locations where presynaptic axons...Ch. 11.4 - Define synaptic transmission.Ch. 11.4 - Prob. 3QCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 4QCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 5QCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 11.4 - Prob. 7QCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 1QCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 2QCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 4QCCh. 11.5 - Prob. 5QCCh. 11.6 - 1. Why are neurons organized into neuronal...Ch. 11.6 - Prob. 2QCCh. 11.6 - 3. What mechanisms stabilize neural circuits?
Ch. 11 - Which of the following statements about the...Ch. 11 - 2. Regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and...Ch. 11 - Match each type of neuroglial cell with its...Ch. 11 - Prob. 4CYRCh. 11 - Prob. 5CYRCh. 11 - Prob. 6CYRCh. 11 - 7. Fill in the blanks: The _______is the period of...Ch. 11 - With respect to the condition of action...Ch. 11 - 9. Identify the following as properties of...Ch. 11 - The trigger for exocytosis of synaptic vesicles...Ch. 11 - Match the following neurotransmitters with their...Ch. 11 - 12. Which of the following is not a method by...Ch. 11 - 13. A ________is characterized by multiple input...Ch. 11 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 11 -
15. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 11 - Sequence the following list of events of a...Ch. 11 - 16. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 11 - 1. A drug that blocks channels in neurons does so...Ch. 11 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 11 - What conditions must be met for an axon to...Ch. 11 - 4. Explain how an action potential is propagated...Ch. 11 - Prob. 1AYKACh. 11 - 2. During a surgical procedure, an...Ch. 11 - Albert accidentally ingests the poison...Ch. 11 - 4. Albert, the patient in question 3, takes the...Ch. 11 - Predict the effect that tetrodotoxin would have on...Ch. 11 - Explain what would happen if depolarization of the...
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- Homeostatis: fill in the blanksarrow_forward"Patient X is a 60 year old female who exhibits increased muscle tone and a resting tremor. Patient was diagnosed to have Parkinson's Disease. As a student taking physiology, which of the following statements about inhibitory circuits is correct? " a Inhibitory circuits facilitate the actions of stimulatory circuits by inhibiting muscle activty in antagonist muscles. b Inhibitory circuits stimulate random movements of the trunk and limbs. c "Inhibitory circuits increase muscle tone when the body, limbs, and head are at rest. " d All of the above are correct.arrow_forwardList the physiological events that occur between delivery of the stimulus and the start of the recordedresponse (i.e. during the latent period).arrow_forward
- Please, please I do not understand this question for Physiology. Can you help me? A very small and brief explanation leading to the correct answer would be helpful! Additionally, why is option A not correct?arrow_forwardMotor Pathways Fill in the blanks with the terms provided. Not all terms will be used. anterior interneurons receptors posterior effectors descending lower upper skeletal muscle Motor pathways are least two motor neurons are present in the motor pathway: an upper motor neuron and a lower motor neuron. The cell body of an within the brain stem. Axons of these synapse either directly on pathways in the brain and spinal cord that control At motor neuron is housed either within the cerebral cortex or a nucleus motor neurons, or on . The cell body of a lower motor neuron is housed either within the spinal cord or within a brainstem cranial nerve nucleus. Axons of the lower motor neurons exit the CNS and horn of the project to to be innervated.arrow_forwardThe action potential is fired by: a- Opening K+ channels by subthreshold response b- Opening Na Channels by threshold response c- Opening K+ channels by threshold response d- Opening Na by subthreshold responsearrow_forward
- The tickle response can also trigger escape movements, increased heart rate and tears. What type of efferent neurons influence skeletal muscle movements, and which ones are responsible for increased heart rate, tears, etc.?arrow_forward1) For each of the following reflexes, detail what the sensor is, the integrator, and the effector. Also note the neuronsinvolved in the reflex (like alpha motor neuron).a. Myotatic (stretch reflex)b. Autogenic Inhibition (Golgi tendon organ reflex)c. Flexor Reflex 2) You stimulate an alpha motor neuron and measure the force of contraction in a control muscle from a mouse. You then add Substance X, a newly synthesized product from your organic chemists. You observe that there is adecreased force of contraction following the same type of motor neuron stimulation.a. Draw your experimental setup and what force you measure before and after administering Substance X.Hint: You’ll need to include something to stimulate the muscle and something to measure the force. Whatyou measure is force upon stimulation (mN, milliNewtons) before and after addition of X.b. Hypothesize one way that Substance X could be inhibiting muscle contraction. Design an experiment…arrow_forwardWhich of the following lists the components of a reflex arc in the order in which nerve signals pass through them? Sensory receptor -> motor neuron -> interneuron -> sensory neuron -> effector. Effector -> sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron -> sensory receptor. Sensory receptor -> interneuron -> sensory neuron -> motor neuron -> effector. а. b. c. Sensory receptor -> sensory neuron -> interneuron -> motor neuron -> effector. d. The ventral root of spinal nerves contains sensory neurons. motor neurons. а. b. c. efferent neurons. d. interneurons.arrow_forward
- When does EPSP occur? 1. Chloride channels open, chloride exits 2. NaK pump operates 3. Sodium channels open, sodium enters 4. Potassium channels open, potassium enters 5. Nonearrow_forwardExplain what would happen if depolarization of the axon hillock triggered a negative feedback loop instead of a positive?arrow_forward15) Examine the diagram of a reflex arc shown below. In this case, pain from tissue damage to the hand results in a response where muscles move the hand away from the painful stimulus. ST. gridld.doi vd ehow or2 1o notelvib dot Figure 38-10 Biology; Life on Earth, 8/e © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc. barostin 20 a) On the diagram above, label the motor neuron, the sensory neuron, the interneuron, and the effector. b) List any way or ways in which the nervous system will determine the intensity of the pain the example above. Corobral cortexarrow_forward
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