Concept explainers
To determine:
The difference between the terms bactericidal and bacteriostatic in relation to microbial control agents.
Concept introduction:
The adverse effect of antimicrobial agents on microbial cells that lead to their death is known as the mode of action. Agents affect cell targets that inflict damage leading to death of the microbial cell or slow down the
To determine:
An experimental method to test whether a control agent exhibits bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects.
Concept introduction:
To devise an effective treatment for the infectious disease, the determination of antimicrobial agent which is most effective against a specific pathogen is necessary. The mode of action of various types of antimicrobials determines their effect on microbial growth.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
- Identify two factors( in detail)that make biofilms more tolerant to antimicrobials including their mode of action.arrow_forwardSome bacteria produce the enzyme penicillinase, which breaks the beta-lactam ring in the penicillin molecule and converts it into penicilloic acid, which is harmless to bacteria. This is an example of which of the following mechanisms of antibiotic resistance? which option below is the answer? Destruction or inactivation of the antibiotic by the microbe Preventing penetration to the target site within the microbe Alteration of the drug’s target site(s) within the microbe None of the other four answers are correct Rapid ejection (pumping) of the drug out of the microbial cellarrow_forwardWhy is the effectiveness of an antimicrobial agent determined using an exponentially growing bacterial culture? Please explain.arrow_forward
- The type of antimicrobial drug that would be most likely to have toxic effects in humans based on the premise of selective toxicity when treating microbial infection would be a drug that O 1) inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall O 2) inhibits metabolic pathways O 3) disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane 4) inhibits protein synthesis 5) All of the above have equal potential to be toxicarrow_forwardDesign a concept map on microbial growth that would contain the key features of the following concepts (Requirements of microbial growth, Bacterial Growth, Control of Bacterial Growth and Antimicrobial methods).arrow_forwardWhich among the group would be affected when excessive Zn++ is present in the medium? Provide two (2) corrective actions to resolve this error.arrow_forward
- Media, such as Mueller-Hinton agar, that neither restricts the growth of certain microbes nor distinguishes between the types microbes that do grow is: Incorrect Answer: B. Differential only Correct Answer: O C. General purpose Rationale:arrow_forwardExplain why sulfa drugs prevent bacterial growth without harming the human host.arrow_forwardZ-germicSide is an antimicrobial agent. Based on the given data set below, describe how effective Z-germicSide is as a disinfectant. Name of disinfectant Z-germicSide Phenol KEY: No growth, += Growth Dilution 1:100 1:125 1:150 1:175 1:200 1:95 1:100 1:105 1:110 1:115 Growth after 5 mins + + + + + + Growth after 10 minutes + + Growth after 15 mins + +arrow_forward
- Explain how the types and numbers of microorganisms can infl uence the effectiveness of control agents.arrow_forwardBased on the following image, which concentration of antibiotic would be considered the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)? a. 8 ug/mlb. 16 ug/mlc. 25 ug/mlarrow_forwardChoose one specific way from each of the two methods of inhibiting the growth of microbes below. Describe the method, explain the mechanism of action of killing the microorganisms and give practical applications of your chosen ways. 1. Physical Methods - Heat, cold, dessication, radiation, ultrasonic waves, filtration, gaseous atmosphere 2. Chemical Methods- disinfectants, antisepticsarrow_forward
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