Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course List)
Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course List)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781285867168
Author: Ralph Stair, George Reynolds
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 11, Problem 2WE
Program Plan Intro

Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial Intelligence (AI) simulates thinking and behaves as human such as the capability of giving reason and learning.

  • Its main aim is to develop a system which mimics human intelligence.
  • It increases the speed and consistency of decision making, helps in solving the problems without lending complete information.
  • The problems which cannot be solved by the conventional computing can be resolved using the AI system.

Natural language processing (NLP):

  • It is one of the key components of Artificial Intelligence.
  • As the name suggests, it allows the processor to understand and respond to the statements and commands (human level) that are given in natural language like English.
  • The input and output of natural language processing system will be speech and written text.
  • There are two components of Natural Language Processing (NLP). They are: Natural Language Understanding and Natural Language Generation.

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Q.1. Architecture performance [10 marks] Answer A certain microprocessor requires either 2, 4, or 6 machine cycles to perform various operations. ⚫ (40+g+f)% require 2 machine cycles, ⚫ (30-g) % require 4 machine cycles, and ⚫ (30-f)% require 6 machine cycles. (a) What is the average number of machine cycles per instruction for this microprocessor? Answer (b) What is the clock rate (machine cycles per second) required for this microprocessor to be a "1000 MIPS" processor? Answer (c) Suppose that 35% of the instructions require retrieving an operand from memory which needs an extra 8 machine cycles. What is the average number of machine cycles per instruction, including the instructions that fetch operands from memory?
Q.2. Architecture performance [25 marks] Consider two different implementations, M1 and M2, of the same instruction set. M1 has a clock rate of 2 GHz and M2 has a clock rate of 3.3 GHz. There are two classes of instructions with the following CPIs: Class A CPI for M1 CPI for M2 2.f 1.g B 5 3 C 6 4 Note that the dots in 2 fand 1.g indicate decimal points and not multiplication. a) What are the peak MIPS performances for both machines? b) Which implementation is faster, if half the instructions executed in a certain program are from class A, while the rest are divided equally among classes B and C. c) What speedup factor for the execution of class-A instructions would lead to 20% overall speedup? d) What is the maximum possible speedup that can be achieved by only improving the execution of class-A instructions? Explain why. e) What is the clock rate required for microprocessor M1 to be a "1000 MIPS" (not peak MIPS) processor?

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Principles of Information Systems (MindTap Course List)

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