
Concept explainers
If a member variable is declared _____, all objects of that class share that variable.

If a member variable is declared as a “static”, then all objects of that class share have access to that member variable.
Explanation of Solution
Static member variable:
In object-oriented programming, the member variable is declared with the keyword of “static” is referred as static member variable.
- In memory, it allocates only one copy of the static member variable for that class.
- If changes are made to static variable, then it reflects to all other instances of that class.
- The static member variables can be re-declared and reuse outside the class using the scope resolution operator (::).
- The static member variables are used anywhere in the program. Even though it is declared outside or inside of the class.
Example:
Consider the example of static member variable declaration is as follows:
//Header file
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
//class definition
class sample
{
//declaration of instance variable
int c;
//declaration of static variable
static int ct;
//access specifier
public:
//constructor
sample()
{
//increment the variable
c = ++ct;
}
//function definition
void show_code()
{
//display the output
cout << "Object number is: " << c << endl;
}
//static member function definition
static void show_count()
{
//display the output
cout << "The number of objects in the program: " << ct<< endl;
}
};
//definition of static member variable "ct"
int sample::ct=0;
//definition of main method
int main()
{
//Create two Objects for "sample" class
sample o1, o2;
//call the functions
o1.show_count();
o1.show_code();
o2.show_count();
o2.show_code();
//return statement
return 0;
}
Explanation:
- Here, the variable “ct” is declared as a static member variable in the class “sample”.
- In main() function,
- Create two objects for “sample”class.
- Call the show_count() function by using two objects such as “o1” and “o2”.
- Call the show_code() function by using two objects such as “o1” and “o2”.
- Therefore, all the objects of the class have rights to access the static member variable “ct”.
Output:
The number of objects in the program: 2
Object number is: 1
The number of objects in the program: 2
Object number is: 2
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 11 Solutions
Starting Out with C++: Early Objects (9th Edition)
Additional Engineering Textbook Solutions
SURVEY OF OPERATING SYSTEMS
Electric Circuits. (11th Edition)
Introduction To Programming Using Visual Basic (11th Edition)
Java: An Introduction to Problem Solving and Programming (8th Edition)
Concepts Of Programming Languages
Starting Out with Programming Logic and Design (5th Edition) (What's New in Computer Science)
- using r language a continuous random variable X has density function f(x)=1/4x^3e^-(pi/2)^4,x>=0 derive the probability inverse transformation F^(-1)x where F(x) is the cdf of the random variable Xarrow_forwardusing r language in an accelerated failure test, components are operated under extreme conditions so that a substantial number will fail in a rather short time. in such a test involving two types of microships 600 chips manufactured by an existing process were tested and 125 of them failed then 800 chips manufactured by a new process were tested and 130 of them failed what is the 90%confidence interval for the difference between the proportions of failure for chips manufactured by two processes? using r languagearrow_forwardI want a picture of the tools and the pictures used Cisco Packet Tracer Smart Home Automation:o Connect a temperature sensor and a fan to a home gateway.o Configure the home gateway so that the fan is activated when the temperature exceedsa set threshold (e.g., 30°C).2. WiFi Network Configuration:o Set up a wireless LAN with a unique SSID.o Enable WPA2 encryption to secure the WiFi network.o Implement MAC address filtering to allow only specific clients to connect.3. WLC Configuration:o Deploy at least two wireless access points connected to a Wireless LAN Controller(WLC).o Configure the WLC to manage the APs, broadcast the configured SSID, and applyconsistent security settings across all APs.arrow_forward
- A. What will be printed executing the code above?B. What is the simplest way to set a variable of the class Full_Date to January 26 2020?C. Are there any empty constructors in this class Full_Date?a. If there is(are) in which code line(s)?b. If there is not, how would an empty constructor be? (create the code lines for it)D. Can the command std::cout << d1.m << std::endl; be included after line 28 withoutcausing an error?a. If it can, what will be printed?b. If it cannot, how could this command be fixed?arrow_forwardCisco Packet Tracer Smart Home Automation:o Connect a temperature sensor and a fan to a home gateway.o Configure the home gateway so that the fan is activated when the temperature exceedsa set threshold (e.g., 30°C).2. WiFi Network Configuration:o Set up a wireless LAN with a unique SSID.o Enable WPA2 encryption to secure the WiFi network.o Implement MAC address filtering to allow only specific clients to connect.3. WLC Configuration:o Deploy at least two wireless access points connected to a Wireless LAN Controller(WLC).o Configure the WLC to manage the APs, broadcast the configured SSID, and applyconsistent security settings across all APs.arrow_forwardTransform the TM below that accepts words over the alphabet Σ= {a, b} with an even number of a's and b's in order that the output tape head is positioned over the first letter of the input, if the word is accepted, and all letters a should be replaced by the letter x. For example, for the input aabbaa the tape and head at the end should be: [x]xbbxx z/z,R b/b,R F ① a/a,R b/b,R a/a, R a/a,R b/b.R K a/a,R L b/b,Rarrow_forward
- Given the C++ code below, create a TM that performs the same operation, i.e., given an input over the alphabet Σ= {a, b} it prints the number of letters b in binary. 1 #include 2 #include 3 4- int main() { std::cout > str; for (char c : str) { if (c == 'b') count++; 5 std::string str; 6 int count = 0; 7 char buffer [1000]; 8 9 10 11- 12 13 14 } 15 16- 17 18 19 } 20 21 22} std::string binary while (count > 0) { binary = std::to_string(count % 2) + binary; count /= 2; std::cout << binary << std::endl; return 0;arrow_forwardConsidering the CFG described below, answer the following questions. Σ = {a, b} • NT = {S} Productions: P1 S⇒aSa P2 P3 SbSb S⇒ a P4 S⇒ b A. List one sequence of productions that can accept the word abaaaba; B. Give three 5-letter words that can be accepted by this CFG; C. Create a Pushdown automaton capable of accepting the language accepted by this CFG.arrow_forwardGiven the FSA below, answer the following questions. b 1 3 a a b b с 2 A. Write a RegEx that is equivalent to this FSA as it is; B. Write a RegEx that is equivalent to this FSA removing the states and edges corresponding to the letter c. Note: To both items feel free to use any method you want, including analyzing which words are accepted by the FSA, to generate your RegEx.arrow_forward
- 3) Finite State Automata Given the FSA below, answer the following questions. a b a b 0 1 2 b b 3 A. Give three 4-letter words that can be accepted by this FSA; B. Give three 4-letter words that cannot be accepted by this FSA; C. How could you describe the words accepted by this FSA? D. Is this FSA deterministic or non-deterministic?arrow_forwardConsidering the TM below, answer the following questions. a/x,R €/E,L €/E,R €/E,L x/E,R c/c,R b/E.L c/c,L x/x,R I J K L M F b/E.L D A. Give three 4-letter words that can be accepted by this TM; B. Give three 4-letter words that cannot be accepted by this TM; C. How could you describe the words accepted by this TM? D. What is the alphabet of the language accepted by this TM?arrow_forwardWhat is the generator? Explain motor generator motorarrow_forward
- Microsoft Visual C#Computer ScienceISBN:9781337102100Author:Joyce, Farrell.Publisher:Cengage Learning,EBK JAVA PROGRAMMINGComputer ScienceISBN:9781337671385Author:FARRELLPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENTProgramming Logic & Design ComprehensiveComputer ScienceISBN:9781337669405Author:FARRELLPublisher:Cengage
- C++ Programming: From Problem Analysis to Program...Computer ScienceISBN:9781337102087Author:D. S. MalikPublisher:Cengage LearningSystems ArchitectureComputer ScienceISBN:9781305080195Author:Stephen D. BurdPublisher:Cengage LearningProgramming with Microsoft Visual Basic 2017Computer ScienceISBN:9781337102124Author:Diane ZakPublisher:Cengage Learning




