Inquiry into Physics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337515863
Author: Ostdiek
Publisher: Cengage
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Question
Chapter 11, Problem 1PIP
To determine
(a)
Explain one major discovery, achievements or contribution of Marie curie in field of study.
To determine
(b)
Explain one major discovery, achievements or contribution of Ernest Rutherford in field of study.
To determine
(c)
Explain one major discovery, achievements or contribution of Irene curie and Frederic Joliot in field of study.
To determine
(d)
Explain one major discovery, achievements or contribution of Enrico Fermi in field of study.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Choose the BEST answer to the following.
A certain element emits 1 alpha particle, and its products then emit 2 beta particles in succession. The atomic number of the resulting element is changed by
(a) zero.
(b) minus 1.
(c) minus 2.
(d) plus 1.
6.
The bismuth-209 nucleus has a binding energy per nucleon of 7.6154 MeV. (1 MeV is
1.60 × 10-13 J). Determine the difference in mass between one mole of bismuth-209 nuclei and the
component nucleons of which it is made. (For the masses of the atoms and the neutrons, see the lecture
material, Ch19_part3 page 9.)
Masses of Selected Elementary Particles and Atoms
Elementary Particle
Electron, beta particle
Positron
Proton
Neutron
Atom
H
H
He
He
Li
Be
Be
10 Be
B
B
"C
¹2C
13C
19F
Na
Symbol
je+
ip+
Mass (u)
1.007825032
2.014101778
3.016049268
3.016029310
4.002603250
7.0160040
8.00530509
9.0121821
10.0135337
8.024607
10.0129370
11.0093055
11.011433
12 exactly
13.003354838
14.003241988
14.003074005
15.994914622
16.9991315
17.999160
18.9984032
20.99764
Mass (u)
0.000548579911
0.000548579911
1.0072764669
1.0086649158
Atom
Na
Mg
50
325
87
127₁
153
226 Ra
88
228 Ra
228
Rb
89 Ac
232
90
Th
90
234
231₁ Pa
Th
231 U
92
234 U
92
235U
238 U
92
Mass (kg)
9.1093819 x 10
9.1093819 x 101
-31
1.6726216 x…
Elements that appear in the same column of the periodic table
often share similar chemical properties. In the case of the
alkaline earth metals, this is troublesome since the body treats
calcium (necessary for proper bone growth) and radium (a
radioactive element) as chemically similar, storing both in
bone marrow. The radium then bombards nearby bone cells
with alpha particles, causing them to "crumble."
Radium poisoning investigations often center on the
identification of radium and its isotopes in bone samples using
lonized
isotope
a mass spectrometer. Pictured is a schematic of a simplified
mass spectrometer that shows the paths of calcium isotopes,
barium (another alkaline earth metal) isotopes, and radium
isotopes entering the chamber. The region shown is immersed
in a constant magnetic field of 0.552 T pointing out of the
plane of the schematic. Motion of the positively-charged
isotopes toward the right was initiated by a potential
A
-AV-
B
difference of 3082 V on the two plates…
Chapter 11 Solutions
Inquiry into Physics
Ch. 11 - Prob. 1MACh. 11 - Prob. 1PIPCh. 11 - Prob. 2PIPCh. 11 - Prob. 1MIOCh. 11 - Prob. 1QCh. 11 - Prob. 2QCh. 11 - Prob. 3QCh. 11 - Prob. 4QCh. 11 - Prob. 5QCh. 11 - Prob. 6Q
Ch. 11 - Prob. 7QCh. 11 - Prob. 8QCh. 11 - Prob. 9QCh. 11 - Prob. 10QCh. 11 - Prob. 11QCh. 11 - Prob. 12QCh. 11 - Prob. 13QCh. 11 - Prob. 14QCh. 11 - Prob. 15QCh. 11 - Prob. 16QCh. 11 - Prob. 17QCh. 11 - Prob. 18QCh. 11 - Prob. 19QCh. 11 - Prob. 20QCh. 11 - Prob. 21QCh. 11 - Prob. 22QCh. 11 - Prob. 23QCh. 11 - Prob. 24QCh. 11 - Prob. 25QCh. 11 - Prob. 26QCh. 11 - Prob. 27QCh. 11 - Prob. 28QCh. 11 - Prob. 29QCh. 11 - Prob. 30QCh. 11 - Prob. 31QCh. 11 - Prob. 32QCh. 11 - Prob. 33QCh. 11 - Determine the nuclear composition (number of...Ch. 11 - The isotope helium-6 undergoes beta decay. Write...Ch. 11 - Prob. 3PCh. 11 - A nucleus of oxygen-15 undergoes electron capture....Ch. 11 - Prob. 5PCh. 11 - Prob. 6PCh. 11 - Prob. 7PCh. 11 - Prob. 8PCh. 11 - Prob. 9PCh. 11 - Prob. 10PCh. 11 - Prob. 11PCh. 11 - Prob. 12PCh. 11 - . A Geiger counter registers a count rate of 4,000...Ch. 11 - Prob. 14PCh. 11 - Prob. 15PCh. 11 - Prob. 16PCh. 11 - Prob. 17PCh. 11 - Prob. 18PCh. 11 - Prob. 19PCh. 11 - Prob. 20PCh. 11 - Prob. 21PCh. 11 - Prob. 22PCh. 11 - Prob. 1CCh. 11 - Prob. 2CCh. 11 - Prob. 3CCh. 11 - Prob. 4CCh. 11 - Prob. 5CCh. 11 - Prob. 6CCh. 11 - Prob. 7C
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Enter the correct nuclide symbol in each open tan rectangle in Figure P43.25, which shows the sequences of decays in the natural radioactive series starting with the long-lived isotope uranium-235 and ending with the stable nucleus lead-207. Figure P43.25arrow_forwardA radioactive sample initially contains 2.40102 mol of a radioactive material whose half-life is 6.00 h. How many moles of the radioactive material remain after 6.00 h? After 12.0 h? After 36.0 h?arrow_forwardIn the science section of the newspaper, an article reports the efforts of a group of scientists to create a new nuclear reactor based on the fission of iron (Fe). Is this a good idea?arrow_forward
- Why is the number of neutrons greater than the number of protons in stable nuclei that have an A greater than about 40? Why is this effect more pronounced for the heaviest nuclei?arrow_forwardMadame Curie filled glass vials with pure radon, produced by her radium, for use in hospitals. Radon has a short half-life of 3.8 days. Suppose that she put 1 MBq of radon in a vial. i) Sketch a graph of the activity of the radon over the next week or two. Label the axes with appropriate numbers and units. Mark on the graph the half-life and the characteristic time. ii) Radon decays through a chain of four very short-lived radionuclides (halflives of 20 minutes and less) before reaching a relatively stable isotope of lead. Approximately what activity will the vial have two or three hours after filling, and about two weeks after filling?arrow_forwardMadame Curie filled glass vials with pure radon, produced by her radium, for use in hospitals. Radon has a short half-life of 3.8 days. Suppose that she put 1 MBq of radon in avial.i) Sketch a graph of the activity of the radon over the next week or two.Label the axes with appropriate numbers and units. Mark on the graph the half-lifeand the characteristic time.ii) Radon decays through a chain of four very short-lived radionuclides (halflives of 20 minutes and less) before reaching a relatively stable isotope of lead. Approximately what activity will the vial have two or three hours after filling, and abouttwo weeks after filling?arrow_forward
- Explain nuclear radiation.arrow_forwardElements that appear in the same column of the periodic table often share similar chemical properties. In the case of the alkaline earth metals, this is troublesome since the body treats calcium (necessary for proper bone growth) and radium (a radioactive element) as chemically similar, storing both in bone marrow. The radium then bombards nearby bone cells with alpha particles, causing them to "crumble." Ionized Radium poisoning investigations often center on the identification of radium and its isotopes in bone samples using isotope a mass spectrometer. Pictured is a schematic of a simplified mass spectrometer that shows the paths of calcium isotopes, barium (another alkaline earth metal) isotopes, and radium А isotopes entering the chamber. The region shown is immersed in a constant magnetic field of 0.352 T pointing out of the + AV→ В plane of the schematic. Motion of the positively-charged isotopes toward the right was initiated by a potential difference of 2361 V on the two…arrow_forward
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