Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 10, Problem 4SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Transcription is the machinery by which RNA is synthesized where a template strand of DNA is exploited by specific polymerases enzyme (RNA polymerases) to produce RNA molecules. Synthesized RNA molecules are messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), ribosomal RNA (rRNA), small RNAs–small nuclear RNA (snRNA), and microRNA (miRNA). Certain proteins are responsible for the production and decline of the RNA strand for transcription. Such proteins are called as transcription factors.
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Proteins that regulate gene expression by directly binding to the DNA are known as _____.
a.
transcription factors
b.
transposable elements
c.
translation factors
d.
phosphorylation
e.
methylation
Energy that drives transcription is provided mainly by_____ . a. ATP c. GTP b. RNA nucleotides d. RNA polymerase
8) Which of these describes the function of RNA polymerase?
A. Amplifies the “message" by making multiple copies of an mRNA molecule after it has
been transcribed from DNA
B. Converts a protein sequence to mRNA
Chapter 10 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 10 - The expression of a gene may depend on _______. a....Ch. 10 - Prob. 2SQCh. 10 - Binding of ______ to _______ in DNA can increase...Ch. 10 - Prob. 4SQCh. 10 - Prob. 5SQCh. 10 - Muscle cells differ from bone cells because...Ch. 10 - Prob. 7SQCh. 10 - Homeotic gene products _______. a. flank a...Ch. 10 - A gene that is knocked out is ________. a. deleted...Ch. 10 - Which of the following includes all of the others?...
Ch. 10 - Prob. 11SQCh. 10 - Effect of Paternal Grandmothers Food Supply on...Ch. 10 - Prob. 2DAACh. 10 - Effect of Paternal Grandmothers Food Supply on...Ch. 10 - Prob. 12SQCh. 10 - A cell with a Barr body is ___ . a. a bacterium b....Ch. 10 - Operons _____. a. only occur in bacteria b. have...Ch. 10 - Prob. 15SQCh. 10 - Why are some genes expressed and some not?Ch. 10 - Prob. 2CTCh. 10 - Almost all calico cats (one is pictured in FIGURE...Ch. 10 - The photos above show flowers from Arabidopsis...
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- Tightly coiled DNA is ________. a. known as hypermethylated b. translationally regulated c. transcriptionally inactivearrow_forwardThe formation of peptide bonds between amino acids occurs _____. a. during transcription b. during the elongation step to translation c. during the assemble of the ribosome and mRNA d. while DNA is being replicatedarrow_forwardThe sigma subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase _____. a. binds to a bacterial gene’s promoter b. is composed of both polypeptide and RNA molecules c. is required for termination of transcription d. is required for RNA polymerization e. is required for ribosomal bindingarrow_forward
- Which statement/s is/are TRUE about transcription?A. During transcription, DNA polymerase binds to RNA and separates the DNA strands.B. RNA polymerase uses one strand of DNA as a template to assemble nucleotides into a strand of RNA.C. RNA polymerase binds only to DNA promoters, which have specific base sequences.D. Promoters are signals in RNA that indicate to RNA polymerase where to begin transcription.E. Transcription occurs in the 3’ to 5’ direction with respect to the growing mRNA strand.arrow_forwardThe binding of ________ is required for transcription to start. a. a protein b. DNA polymerase c. RNA polymerase d. a transcription factorarrow_forwardBinding of______ to_______ in DNA can increase the rate of transcription of specific genes. a. activators; repressors b. activators; enhancers c. repressors; operators d.repressors; enhancerarrow_forward
- Which of the following is least related to the other items? A. RNA Polymerase B. transcription factors C. start codon D. enhancerarrow_forwardChoose all items that regulate the transcription of mRNAs.Group of answer choices A. Transcription factor proteins B. Intron sequences C.. DNA promoter sequences D. DNA enhancer regions E. Exon sequencesarrow_forwardFor each of the following, match with the stage of gene expression being regulated. DNA methylation Feedback inhibition Operons Poly-A tail length A. Post-translational regulation B. Transcriptional regulation C. DNA packaging D. Translational regulationarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not an example of constitutively expressed gene? a. genes for cell division and growth b. genes involved in DNA repair c. genes for cellular respiration d. genes that function in ATP synthesisarrow_forwardTo which part of DNA do the eukaryotic transcription factors bind? a. promoter regions enhancers O b. O C. AUG (the first codon) O d. operator Oe. DNA intronsarrow_forwardImagine that mutations occurred in one of the inverted repeat sequences within the rho-independent terminator sequence of a bacterium. What would likely be the consequence of this mutation? Select one: a. Transcription may not be initiated at all. b. Transcription may end prematurely. c. Transcription may be delayed. d. The rho protein won't be able to bind and transcription may not be terminate. e. Transcription may not be terminated and result in much longer RNA.arrow_forward
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