
Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of methanol should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer to Problem 10.49P
In methanol, most polar bond is O-H bond with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In methanol, most polar bond is O-H with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
C-O bond have 1.0 electronegativity but it is less polar when compare to O-H bond.
(b)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of methylamine should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer to Problem 10.49P
In methylamine, most polar bond is N-H bond with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In methylamine, most polar bond is N-H with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
C-H bond is nonpolar because of electronegativity of 0.4 only.
(c)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of 2-aminoethathiol should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer to Problem 10.49P
In 2-aminoethathiol, most polar bond is N-Hbond with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In 2-aminoethanethiol, most polar bond is N-H with electronegativity difference of 0.9 and nitrogen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
The bonds S-H, C-C and C-H have electronegativity difference are 0.4, 0, and 0.4 respectively.
(d)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of acetone should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer to Problem 10.49P
In acetone, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In acetone, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge atom.
Other bonds present in acetone are C-H and C-C with electronegativity of 0.4 and 0 respectively.
(e)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of formaldehyde should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer to Problem 10.49P
In formaldehyde, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In formaldehyde, most polar bond is C=O with electronegativity difference of 1.0 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas carbon becomes partial positive charge atom.
The bond C-H has electronegativity difference of 0.4 and it is a nonpolar bond.
(f)
Interpretation:
The most polar bond of acetic acid should be identified and polarity described with symbols
Concept Introduction:
Polarity of any molecule depends on electronegativity of atoms that forms covalent bonds. Depending upon the difference in electronegativity of atoms, polar or nonpolar molecule is determined. Polar molecule has electronegativity between 0.5 and 1.4 whereas in nonpolar molecule, it is less than 0.5.

Answer to Problem 10.49P
In acetic acid, most polar bond is O-H with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
Explanation of Solution
Polar covalent bonds contains more atoms with high electronegativity and acquire more partial negative charge represented as delta minus
In acetic acid, most polar bond is O-H with electronegativity difference of 1.4 and oxygen atom becomes partial negative charge atom whereas hydrogen becomes partial positive charge atom.
The other bonds are C-C, C=O and C-H with electronegativity of 0, 1.0 and 0.4 but bond O-H has more electronegativity as compared to other bonds.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 10 Solutions
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
- Provide steps and explanation please.arrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for the major product of the acid-base reaction shown. H 0 N + HCI (1 mole) CH3 N' (1 mole) CH3 You do not have to consider stereochemistry. ● • Do not include counter-ions, e.g., Na+, I, in your answer. . In those cases in which there are two reactants, draw only the product from 989 CH3 344 ? [Farrow_forwardQuestion 15 What is the major neutral organic product for the following sequence? 1. POCI₂ pyridine ? 2. OsO4 OH 3. NaHSO Major Organic Product ✓ OH OH 'OH OH 'OH 'CIarrow_forward
- Could you please solve the first problem in this way and present it similarly but color-coded or step by step so I can understand it better? Thank you!arrow_forwardCould you please solve the first problem in this way and present it similarly but color-coded or step by step so I can understand it better? Thank you!arrow_forwardCould you please solve the first problem in this way and present it similarly but (color-coded) and step by step so I can understand it better? Thank you! I want to see what they are doingarrow_forward
- Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning

